Healthcare Organization Flashcards
Give some examples of primary prevention
educate individuals, families, and populations on topics such as the importance of nutrition, exercise, dental hygiene, prenatal care, immunizations, and smoking cessation
Give some examples of secondary prevention
perform risk assessments for healthy people who have risk factors for specific diseases such as coronary artery disease and diabetes; then work with the client to develop and implement a risk reduction plan
Give an example of tertiary prevention
Refer a client with a new urostomy to an RN ostomy management specialist to learn how to care for and improve life with an ostomy.
Where is primary care typically delivered?
- physician’s offices
- hospital-based clinics
- community health centers
- public health service organizations
Where is secondary care typically delivered?
- hospital
- outpatient surgical center
- specialist’s office
Where is tertiary care typically given?
- hospital
- acute care facility
- rehabilitation center
- extended care facility
What populations have a bigger risk for difficulty with health literacy?
- elderly adults
- lower socioeconomic status
- lower education attainment
Why would someone with an acute illness have an issue with health literacy and what are some ways to combat it?
The client requires all resources and energy to cope with illness.
The nurse should defer teaching until the client is less ill
Why would someone with pain have an issue with health literacy and what are some ways to combat it?
Pain decreases the ability to concentrate.
Conduct a pain assessment before teaching
Why would a new prognosis create a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?
The client can be preoccupied with illness and unable to concentrate on new information.
Defer teaching to a better time
Why would emotions create a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?
Emotions require energy and distract from learning.
Deal with emotions and possible misinformation first
Why would older adults have a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?
Vision, hearing, and motor control can be impaired in older adults.
Consider sensory and motor deficits, and adapt teaching plan as needed
Why would children have a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?
Children have a shorter attention span and vocabulary differences
Consider sensory and motor deficits, and adapt teaching plan as needed
What is the framework for managed care?
- method of organized care delivery that emphasizes cost-effective quality care
- focuses on decreased costs and improves outcomes for groups of clients
- diagnosis-related groups establish fees according to diagnoses
What are the advantages of managed care?
- care of the client is carefully planned
2. costs for services are predetermined
What is the framework for case management?
- multidisciplinary teams assist clients and families to access necessary resources in timely manner while managing and allocating available resources
- overall goal is to provide service delivery approach
- case manager may or may not provide direct care
- clients experience continuity of care
What are the advantages of case management?
- client supported by a variety of healthcare providers
- increased access to care
- collaborative responsibility
What is the disadvantage to case management?
Possibly poor communication among healthcare team members
What is the framework for client-focused care?
- all services and care providers brought to the client
2. requires cross-training of healthcare personnel
What is the advantage of client-focused care?
services are closer to the client
What is the disadvantage of client-focused care?
May have increasing costs to client or client’s insurance plan
What is functional nursing?
- healthcare divided among functional lines
- task requiring least skill done by least skilled worker
- Client not assigned to specific nurse
- Utilizes UAP
What is the advantage of functional nursing?
cost efficiency and centralization of control
What is the disadvantage of functional nursing?
overlooks nursing care that cannot be easily quantified
What are the barriers to access to healthcare?
- access to healthcare
- lack of health insurance
- lack of usual sources of care
- perceptions of need
- uneven distribution of services
What geographical populations get underserved healthcare?
- rural
- impoverished
- shortage of primary care professionals
- serious distribution problems (uneven distribution and increased specialization)
- lack of healthcare professionals and services inn remote and rural areas
- high number of nurses per capita in New England states; lowest number in Southwest
- Specialization (fragmentation of care and increased costs)
What is the purpose of the health care and education reconciliation act?
- insurance companies are no longer able to deny coverage to children based on preexisting conditions
- insurance companies will be prevented from dropping clients who become ill
What are some examples of resource allocation?
- rationing
- The organ procurement and transplantation network
- H1N1 vaccine distribution
What does uninsured mean?
- no insurance at all
- Do not qualify for public insurance programs
- cannot buy health insurance
What does underinsured mean?
Insufficient coveerage
What does the inability to afford mean?
- individuals unable to negotiate better rates with providers
- seek less care, care later in the disease process
Why is health insurance critical for children?
- need to be healthy for school
- need well-child visits for sports/school
- More likely to have a usual source of care
- More likely to have access to preventative care
- Get the healthcare services they need
- Will help close the racial disparities gap
- Helps improve social and emotional development
Why is the affordable care act affect children favorably?
prevents insurance companies from denying because of preexisting conditions, and dropping insured individuals or their dependents due to the onset of serious illness
What is the perception of need?
The perceived need that may affect a person’s decision to access healthcare systems
How does the perception of need affect the ability of someone to access healthcare?
When the need arises with the inability to obtain care, the care is perceived as difficult to access and it results in delays in getting care
Why does rationing occur?
- when individuals decide to provide self-care rather than seeking care from a provider
- insurance companies limiting the number of healthcare providers patients can choose from and denying coverage for certain services
- Government rations by inclusion of coverage gap in Medicare Plan D (beneficiaries might have to purchase fewer prescriptions)
