Healthcare Issues Flashcards
The heart works as ___
Two pumps
The left ventricle pumps blood through the aorta to the ___
body
The right ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary artery to ___
The lungs
When the heart is working inside the body, the job of the atria is to ___
Fill the ventricles
The two sides of the heart can be described as ___
Asymmetrical - the left ventricle is thicker than the right
The atrioventricular valves are sealed by the surfaces of the flaps coming together - the edges of the flaps do not scrape against each other or against the walls of the ventricles. Why is the frictionless way of closing, which doesn’t cause any wear on the valves, important
So the blood doesn’t leak out of the other valves.
How many deaths occur annually around the world from cardiovascular disease?
7 million
What is the commonest symptom that hearlds the onset of a heart attack
Crushing chest pain
Myasthenia Gravis
A rare neuromuscular disorder where the proper nerve pulses are not sent to muscles. Caused from an abnormal reaction of the body immune system that results in the immune system damaging receptors in the muscles. This leads to a breakdown of communication between nerves and muscles. Symptoms include muscle weakness. Myasthenia Gravis cannot be cured. Treatment focuses on management of symptoms that may include medications and lifestyle changes such as rest, reducing stress, and avoiding heat exposure.
Multiple Sclerosis
MS is a potentially disabling disorder of the centraal nervous system. The cause of MS is unknown. It is considered to be an autoimmune disroder where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath and disrupts communications.
Early symptoms include double vision, tingling, numbness, weakness, and fatigue. Later symptoms include difficulty walking, speech impairment, and paralysis.
There is no cure, however treatment involces medication, pain management, as well as therapies
Autism spectrum disorder
A broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and communication
Symptoms include delay in language or social development and can include repetitive behavior. There are no known causes
Treatment includes therapies and other treatments which can help relieve symptoms, improve cognitive ability, and help the person function better in society
Alzheimer’s disease
A progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes impairment in memory and cognitive function.
Exact causes are unknown but a buildup of proteins in and around brain cells may be a contributing factor.
Symptoms include memory impairment and loss of ability to carry out everyday tasks.
There is no cure, but medicines for cognitive and behavioral symptoms may be administeres.
