Health Systems Flashcards
What is the district health system and how does it fit into structure of SA
A network of PHC facilities that deliver a comprehensive range of promotive, preventive and curative health care services to a defined population with active participation of the community.
What is a Health system
Health systems are part of government
structures of delivering healthcare
services to its people/ citizens
What is NHI
3 spheres of government
Local: Local amenities, municipal roads, markets
Provincial: Provincial planning, Ambulance services, provincial traffics
National: policy formation, rules and regulation, national standards
What is the Universal health coverage
Global agenda for all
health systems :
“Ensuring that all people can use the health services they need, of sufficient quality to be effective,
while also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user to financial hardship”
What is NHI
Proposed SA Health care financing model to achieve
Universal Health Coverage
Financing tool to fund health services for all South Africans
• Single national fund, huge purchasing power to negotiate fair and affordable payments with healthcare providers
• Financial protection in costing of healthcare
What are the features of NHI
• Publicly Administered (loosely likened to one big medical
scheme for all)
• Mandatory Prepayment (primarily through tax)
• NHI fund is a Single Purchaser of defined comprehensive
health services for SA citizens
• All health care facilities and institutions, both public and
private will become NHI registered Providers
Equality vs equity
• Equality: All people should be treated equally vs
• Equity in health: recognition that health care should be fairly
available to all members of society irrespective of ability to
pay
Challenges to UHC
• Scarce resources
• We need to choose how we use them to
achieve UHC
• Need to consider the opportunity costs of
resources that may have been used differently
• One way of evaluating and prioritising
resources… economic evaluation
Process - The stages Model to Policy
Agenda setting
Policy formulation
Policy implementation
Policy evaluation
4 essential practices for front line leaders
Celebrate small wins
Reasonable decisions
Ethical behaviour
Stakeholder analysis
What is health policy
Decisions, plans and actions undertaken to achieve specific health care goals
1. Defines vision for the future
2. Ascertains specific roles to specific people or groups
3. Builds consensus and informs people
