Health psychology, behaviour change and smoking cessation Flashcards
What is health behaviour?
A behaviour aimed to prevent a disease (e.g. eating healthily)
What is an illness behaviour?
A behaviour aimed to seek remedy (e.g. going to a doctor)
What is sick role behaviour?
Any activity aimed at getting well (e.g. taking prescribed meds)
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
Proposes that best predictor of behaviour is ‘intention’.
What 3 components determine what someones intention is?
- Attitude
- Subjective norms
- Perceived behavioural control
What criticisms can be made surrounding theory of planned behaviour?
- Lack of temporal element
- Lack of direction/causality
What are the 5 stages of change (Transtheoretical mode)?
1) Pre-contemplation
2) Contemplation
3) Preparation
4) Action
5) Maintenance
What approach can be done to initiate change?
Motivational interviewing
What behaviour change theory uses the environment to change health behaviours?
Nude theory e.g. placing fruit next to checkouts
What, in terms of points in time, can help someone to change their health behaviour?
Transition points:
- leaving school
- Entering the workforce
- Becoming a parent
etc. ..
What does the National Centre of Smoking Cessation & Training (NCSCT) provide?
- Training and assessment programmes
- Support services for providers
- Conducts research
Who should you contact if you identify a notifiable disease?
The proper officer of local authority. Through writing in 3 days or orally ASAP if it is urgent (writing in 7 days if it is lab report).
List 3 roles which should be performed to to help monitor/reduce communicable diseases:
- Surveillance - monitor any communicable diseases
- Prevention - e.g. immunisation
- Control - what happens when routine cases and out-breaks occur
How does one manage an outbreak?
1) Diagnosis
2) Decide if outbreak (2 or more related cases)
3) Get help
4) Outbreak meeting
5) Identify cause
6) Start control measure
What routes of spread are present in communicable diseases?
- Foodborne
- Faecal-oral spread
- Respiratory
- Direct physical contact (contagion)
- Acquired from animals - zoonoses
Give 3 advantage of the transtheoretical model:
- Acknowledges individual stages
- Accounts for relapse
- Temporal element
Give 3 negatives of the transtheoretical model:
- Does not take into account beliefs
- Not a one way track
What theory of behavioural change operates of the basis that people are herd animals?
Social norms (e.g. recycling)
In the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), what converts intention in behaviour? (5)
- Perceived control (previous success)
- Anticipated regret
- Preparatory actions
- Implementation intentions
- Relevance to self
What 4 principles compose the health belief model?
(Becker 1974)
- Perceived susceptibility
- Perceived severity
- Perceived benefits
- Perceived barriers (most important)
What is one benefit of the health belief model (HBM)?
Taking into account demographics and psychological factors
What are two negatives of the health beliefs model?
- Does not take into account emotion
- Does not differentiate between first time and repeat behaviours
What cues to action can be used in the health belief model?
- Internal - feeling ill/pain
- External - walking past GP practice
Give an example of use of health belief model:
Breast self-examination
