Health Psych Exam 3

Question 1

Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

Answer 1

Disorders of the heart and blood vessel system, including stroke and coronary heart disease.

Question 2

Leading cause of death

Answer 2

Cardiovascular disease

Question 3

Atherosclerosis

Answer 3

Chronic disease in which the arteries that supply the heart become narrowed or clogged; results from either atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis.

Question 4

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 4

Hardening of the arteries, the coronary arteries lose their elasticity and are unable to expand and contact as blood flows through them.

Question 5

Angina pectoris

Answer 5

Condition of extreme chest pain caused by a restriction of the blood supply to the heart.

Question 6

Myocardial infarction

Answer 6

Heart attack; the permanent death of heart tissue in response to an interruption of blood supply.

Question 7

Stroke

Answer 7

Cerebrovascular accident that results in damage to the brain due to lack of oxygen; usually caused by atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis.

Question 8

Electrocardiogram (EKG)

Answer 8

A measure of the electrical dischargers that emanate from the heart.

Question 9

Coronary angiography

Answer 9

Diagnostic test in which dye is injected so that x-rays can reveal any obstructions in the coronary arteries.

Question 10

Coronary angioplasty

Answer 10

Surgery in which an inflatable catheter is used to open a blocked coronary artery.

Question 11

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

Answer 11

Form of surgery in which a small piece of healthy vein is grafted around a blocked coronary artery.

Question 12

Cardiac Medications

Answer 12

Beta-Blockers, calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic agents.

Question 13

Gender differences in CVD mortality

Answer 13

Higher in Men. May be related to differences in testosterone and estrogen.

Question 14

Hypertension definition (cutoff)

Answer 14

Sustained elevation of diagnostic and systolic blood pressure. Obesity, lack of exercise, salt, stress etc.

Question 15

Primary (essential) hypertension

Answer 15

Associated with increased risk of progression to full-blown hypertension.

Question 16

Serum cholesterol levels and CVD risk

Answer 16

Obesity, High cholesterol level and low HDL risk.

Question 17

Metabolic syndrome criteria

Answer 17

Cluster of conditions including elevated blood pressure and insulin levels, excess body fat, and unhealthy cholesterol ratios.

Question 18

Type A Behevaior

Answer 18

Competetive, hurried, and hostile. Increased risk for developing CVD.

Question 19

CVD risk reduction strategies

Answer 19

Lowering sodium, reduce excess body weight, exercising regulary. Reduce cholesterol intake.

Question 20

Prevention of Diabetes

Answer 20

Reducing ilness intrusiveness, increasing weight control and stress management, enhancing communication.

Question 21

Hyperglycemia

Answer 21

blood sugar level that is too high

Question 22

Hyoglycemia

Answer 22

blood sugar level that is too low

Question 23

Cancer

Answer 23

Set of diseases in which abnormal body cells mutliply and spread in uncontrolled fashion, forming a tumor

Question 24

Benign tumor

Answer 24

Grow rapidly, non-cancerous

Question 25

Malignant tumor

Answer 25

Does not grow rapidly

Question 26

Metastasis

Answer 26

Process by which malignant body cells proliferate and spread

Question 27

Four types of cancer:

Answer 27

Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Lymphoma, Leukemia

Question 28

Risk types for cancer

Answer 28

Carcinogen, Tobacco use, alcohol use, nutrition, obesity, sunlight.

Question 29

Dietary recommendations to reduce cancer risk

Answer 29

Eat plant based foods, reduce wieght gain, limiting red meat, reduce carbs

Question 30

Carotenoids

Answer 30

Light absorbing pigments that give carrots, tomatoes and other food their color and are rich in antioxidants

Question 31

Melanoma

Answer 31

Potentially deadly form of cancer that strikes the melatonin containing cells of the skin

Question 32

Immunocompetence

Answer 32

The overall ability of the immune system, at any given time to defend the body against the harmful effects of foreign agents.

Question 33

Global immunosuppression model

Answer 33

Early theory that proposed that stress always suppresses immune responses.

Question 34

Biphasic model

Answer 34

Proposes that only the most chronic stressors cause global immunosuppression; short-term stressors may have no clinical significance.

Question 35

Chemotherapy

Answer 35

Use of medicines to treat cancer or enhance immune system’s ability to selectively target cancer cells.

Question 36

Radiaton therapy

Answer 36

Using x-rays/gamma rays to destroy malignant tumors

Question 37

Factors in coping with cancer diagnosis

Answer 37

Cancer surgery is associated with higher levels of distress and slower rates of emotional recovery than other surgeries

Question 38

Guided imagery

Answer 38

Effectively help patients control side effects of chemotherapy and other cancer treatments.

Question 39

HIV

Answer 39

Virus that infects cells of the immune system, destroying or imparing their function

Question 40

AIDS

Answer 40

Life-threatening disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in which the body’s CD4 lymphocytes are destroyed, leaving the victim vulnerable to opportunistic infections.

Question 41

Pandemic

Answer 41

Widespread disease over a whole country or the world

Question 42

Hemophilia

Answer 42

Prone to bleeding out of minor injury, medical condition where the body fails to blood clot.