Health Promotion Mid Term

Question 1

What is Health? (According to WHO,1946)

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

Question 2

What are the NINE pre-requisites for Health

Answer 2

Peace, Shelter, Education, Food, Income, Stable Eco-system, Sustainable resources, Social Justice and Equity

Question 3

What does Equity aim to do?

Answer 3

Equity aims to help everyone in a unique ways designed to each individual and their needs.

Question 4

What is the Goal of Health Promotion?

Answer 4

To increase health expectancy and to narrow the gap in health expectancy between countries and groups.

Question 5

What are the FIVE Action Areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?

Answer 5

1) Healthy Public Policy
2) Creating Supportive Environments
3) Strengthening Community Actions
4) Developing Personal Skills
5) Re-orienting health care services toward prevention of illness and promotion of health

Question 6

What are the THREE strategies to the Ottawa Charter of Health?

Answer 6

1) Advocate (support/recommend)
2) Mediate (Bring about)
3) Enable

Question 7

What are the THREE Leading Approaches to defining health?

Answer 7

1) Medical Model
2) Holistic Model
3) Wellness Model

Question 8

What is the Medical Model Approach?

Answer 8

• Machine focused
• Disease Centered
• NOT Preventative focused
• Health measured by the absence of disease and death

Question 9

What are the advantages to the Medical Model Approach?

Answer 9

• Highlights crucial issue of disease

- Disease readily diagnosed and counted

Question 10

What are the disadvantages to the Medical Model Approach?

Answer 10

• Narrow Approach
• Disability = unhealthy
• Health only about physical disease and mortality
• Genetics Example

Question 11

What is the Holistic Model Approach?

Answer 11

• Exemplified by the 1946 WHO definition “a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity”
• Broadened the medical perspective (introduces the idea of POSITIVE HEALTH)
• Subjective

Question 12

What is the Wellness Model Approach?

Answer 12

• 1984 WHO dicussion document proposed moving away from viewing health as a state, toward a dynamic model that presented it as a process or a force (amplified in the 1986 Ottawa Charter for the health promotion)
• Health is always changing and not stagnant
• Biological age vs. Chronological age

Question 13

What are the Advantages of Wellness and Holistic Model Approach?

Answer 13

• Allows for acknowledgement of people at the higher end of functioning
• Focuses on mental and physical health and broader issues of active participants in life
• More subtle understanding of people who succeed in living despite a physical impairment (i.e. Blind people)

Question 14

What are Disadvantages of Wellness and Holistic Model Approach?

Answer 14

• Run the risk of excessive breadth, of incorporating all of life

Question 15

What is Pathogenesis?

Answer 15

The manner of development of a disease/Study of what goes wrong

Question 16

What is Salutogenesis?

Answer 16

The study of what goes right