Health Promotion

Question 1

Almeda Counstudy

Answer 1

Longitudinal cohort study that observed the role of 7 health habits on morbidity and mortality, over 17 years.
When following at least 3 habits: women showed a higher mortality rate than men.
Less social support showed a 3X greater death rate.

Question 2

Health Promotion

Answer 2

Event or process that allows protection and improvement of health in people.
Promotes health agency.

Question 3

Self-care

Answer 3

The ability of individuals, families, and communities to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, and cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a healthcare provider.
Time constraint as it is engagement is influenced by time.

Question 4

Social Media: Daily use

Answer 4

Daily use promotes:
Psychological stress
Depression
Anxiety
Lower self-esteem
Low life satisfaction

Question 5

Social Media: positives

Answer 5

Support systems
Self-care promotion

Question 6

Social Media Addiction and Depression

Answer 6

Insomnia
Rumination (constant thinking)
Perceived social support

Question 7

Struggle to perform self-care

Answer 7

Behavior change:
attachment to unhealthy behaviors
Lack of motivation to change
Difficulty in deciding when to adopt a healthy lifestyle and maintenance
Illness-Related factors:
Integration
Inadequate response to symptoms
Life events get in the way

Question 8

Health intervention: Prevention

Answer 8

Primary: reduction of risks, exposure to hazards, unhealthy behavior, increasing resistance.
Secondary: Reduce the impact of disease/injury that already occurred. Detection to halt progress. Strategies to prevent recurrence. Programs to return to original health.
Tertiary: Soften the impact of ongoing illness. Help coping. Improve the quality of life and expectancy.

Question 9

Pond example

Answer 9

Primary: Physical prevention, signs
Secondary: Shower next to the pond, emergent treatment.
Tertiary: Amputation, therapy, support group.

Question 10

Community Development Approach (CDA)

Answer 10

Individuals act collectively in order to change their environment rather than themselves.

Question 11

Bonding and Bridging

Answer 11

Links outside bodies with power and resources to enable mutually interesting benefits to accrue.
Decline of social capital.

Question 12

Social Capital

Answer 12

Community’s ability to support empowerment through participation of local organizations and networks.

Question 13

Community

Answer 13

A group that shares practices rather than identity or location.

Question 14

Davis: Barbershops

Answer 14

Barbershops with trained barbers on treatment, screening, and control of high blood pressure and the impact of tobacco on cardiovascular health; can aid clients.

Question 15

Wilson: Men sheds

Answer 15

Social ties can improve physical, psychological, and social health’ even willingness to accept health advice.

Question 16

Psychologist role

Answer 16

Agent of change

Question 17

CDA critiques

Answer 17

Professionalization creep: The leader of the group is self-appointed
Burnout: emotional and personal involvement

Question 18

Research CDA approaches

Answer 18

Interventions require a robust level of proof but it is not feasible for communities as they are influenced by their unique group, circumstances, and design.

Question 19

Just say No Campaigns

Answer 19

Advocate abstinence
Participants end up more likely to go on and perform activities.
DARE: The sex-ed and smoking campaign ended with higher rates of teen pregnancies and weed smokers.

Question 20

Increasing campaign effectiveness

Answer 20

Targeted to audience
Audience appropriate
Clearly state behavior
Primary, secondary, or tertiary message
Prevention, detection, maintenance
Attention-grabbing message
Tailoring, framing, appropriate level of fear
Provide the audience with reasonable strategies to change behavior

Question 21

Science Communication

Answer 21

The practice of informing, educating, and raising awareness of science-related topics

Question 22

Friedman: Covid-19 information

Answer 22

Trust in government sources positively correlated with accurate knowledge
Trust in private sources was negatively associated with knowledge
Trust in social networks is negatively associated with knowledge and adherence to social distancing

Question 23

Being Human

Answer 23

View in competence and warmth influence the perception of job title’s trust.
Scientists are perceived as competent but cold
Social media use in the lab was more warmly perceived, more in female scientists.

Question 24

Good components of science communication

Answer 24

Storytelling: personal, humanized, authentic, and passionate/humorous
Communication: Defining, including, engagement, and warmth to the audience
Message: Why, what, why; inspiration, and giving the right questions.