Health Promotion Flashcards
Almeda Counstudy
Longitudinal cohort study that observed the role of 7 health habits on morbidity and mortality, over 17 years.
When following at least 3 habits: women showed a higher mortality rate than men.
Less social support showed a 3X greater death rate.
Health Promotion
Event or process that allows protection and improvement of health in people.
Promotes health agency.
Self-care
The ability of individuals, families, and communities to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, and cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a healthcare provider.
Time constraint as it is engagement is influenced by time.
Social Media: Daily use
Daily use promotes:
Psychological stress
Depression
Anxiety
Lower self-esteem
Low life satisfaction
Social Media: positives
Support systems
Self-care promotion
Social Media Addiction and Depression
Insomnia
Rumination (constant thinking)
Perceived social support
Struggle to perform self-care
Behavior change:
attachment to unhealthy behaviors
Lack of motivation to change
Difficulty in deciding when to adopt a healthy lifestyle and maintenance
Illness-Related factors:
Integration
Inadequate response to symptoms
Life events get in the way
Health intervention: Prevention
Primary: reduction of risks, exposure to hazards, unhealthy behavior, increasing resistance.
Secondary: Reduce the impact of disease/injury that already occurred. Detection to halt progress. Strategies to prevent recurrence. Programs to return to original health.
Tertiary: Soften the impact of ongoing illness. Help coping. Improve the quality of life and expectancy.
Pond example
Primary: Physical prevention, signs
Secondary: Shower next to the pond, emergent treatment.
Tertiary: Amputation, therapy, support group.
Community Development Approach (CDA)
Individuals act collectively in order to change their environment rather than themselves.
Bonding and Bridging
Links outside bodies with power and resources to enable mutually interesting benefits to accrue.
Decline of social capital.
Social Capital
Community’s ability to support empowerment through participation of local organizations and networks.
Community
A group that shares practices rather than identity or location.
Davis: Barbershops
Barbershops with trained barbers on treatment, screening, and control of high blood pressure and the impact of tobacco on cardiovascular health; can aid clients.
Wilson: Men sheds
Social ties can improve physical, psychological, and social health’ even willingness to accept health advice.
Psychologist role
Agent of change
CDA critiques
Professionalization creep: The leader of the group is self-appointed
Burnout: emotional and personal involvement
Research CDA approaches
Interventions require a robust level of proof but it is not feasible for communities as they are influenced by their unique group, circumstances, and design.
Just say No Campaigns
Advocate abstinence
Participants end up more likely to go on and perform activities.
DARE: The sex-ed and smoking campaign ended with higher rates of teen pregnancies and weed smokers.
Increasing campaign effectiveness
Targeted to audience
Audience appropriate
Clearly state behavior
Primary, secondary, or tertiary message
Prevention, detection, maintenance
Attention-grabbing message
Tailoring, framing, appropriate level of fear
Provide the audience with reasonable strategies to change behavior
Science Communication
The practice of informing, educating, and raising awareness of science-related topics
Friedman: Covid-19 information
Trust in government sources positively correlated with accurate knowledge
Trust in private sources was negatively associated with knowledge
Trust in social networks is negatively associated with knowledge and adherence to social distancing
Being Human
View in competence and warmth influence the perception of job title’s trust.
Scientists are perceived as competent but cold
Social media use in the lab was more warmly perceived, more in female scientists.
Good components of science communication
Storytelling: personal, humanized, authentic, and passionate/humorous
Communication: Defining, including, engagement, and warmth to the audience
Message: Why, what, why; inspiration, and giving the right questions.
