End of Life Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Causes of death

A

Middle-age: non-accidental (cancer, diabetes, heart disease)
85<: higher disease of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

12 Principles of Good Health

A

To have control (what happens/ pain relief/ where death occurs/ who is present)
To be afforded dignity/privacy
To be able to issue advance directives
To be able to leave when it is time/ no pointless prolongation
To know when death is coming/ understand expectations
To have access ( info/expertise/spiritual/emotional support/hospice care at any location)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 Broad Themes of Good Death

A

Control
Autonomy
Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

End-of-life care

A

Control over individual care passes to medical/family in deteriorating conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hospital deaths problems

A

Low patient-physician communication/knowledge of wishes
ICU can be traumatic and stressful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

End-life-deaths

A

Homes 19%
Hospitals 66%
Palliative care 4.3% in hospice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Palliative care vs Hospice

A

Palliative care provides psycho-social support to individuals nearing the end of life with treatments aiding comfort and Hospice specializes in the same support but for more near-death patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The ‘Will’ to live

A

A psychological component to death
The role of patient state of mind over timing
The role of significant events for individual
The role of socio-cultural factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Timing of death is associated with holidays

A

People are more likely to die during or shortly after holidays, related to gender and involvement
American-Chinese women in the Harvest Moon Festival
Jewish men in Passover
Men and women at Christmas and Easter
Men and women a month after January 1st

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Levy: Self Perception and Will to Live of Aging on Dying

A

Longitudinal 23-year study investigating
IV: self-perception of aging and will to live
DV: mortality
Individuals with more negative views (perception of aging) tend to have earlier deaths.
An average of 7 1/2 year lifespan difference.
The will to live was a mediating factor, an influencing force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Medical Assisting in Dying (MAID)

A

Third-party as an active force aiding the death of patients, often through pharmaceuticals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MAID (before 2015)

A

Aid to suicide was a criminal offense.
To avoid premature deaths
In fear of the patient being incapable when reaching intolerable suffering.
No one is entitled to consent to die.
Infringed right of a competent adult to make personal decisions as a result of a grievous medical condition causing intolerable suffering.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MAID (Carter V. Canada)

A

Overboard of ban for non-vulnerable people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MAID regulations

A

MAID options
Clinician-administered: The physician directly administers the substance causing death.
Self-administered: prescription of drug where patient brings their own death.
Eligibility
Canadian, 18 years old and mentally stable, voluntary decision, and suffering of irremediable and grievous condition
Consent is given (consent can always be withdrawn except with MAID)
Condition criteria
Serious illness, disease, or disability that is irreversible and advancing the state of decline. It excludes mental illness and is not only for fatal/terminal conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Life after death

A

Belief in life after death relates to better mental health
Anxiety, depression, obsession-compulsion
The belief has to do more with the agency than religious activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prayer and symptom severity

A

A positive relationship where the more prayer the worse the severity of the symptom is observed.
Relationship with worry
The major common aspect of those who develop PTSD and chronic illness from symptoms is high worry.

17
Q

Life after death and Will to live/Perception of aging

A

Belief in life after death can influence the perception of aging and the will to live.
It can bring closure to others as well.

18
Q

Organ Donation

A

A health behavior that beliefs can influence.

19
Q

CIHI: organ donor Stats Canada

A

A high waitlist of people needing donations over donors.
19.2 donors/million
Most die before getting a donation.

20
Q

Shah: Influence on organ donation

A

Meta-analyses on public attitudes on brain death and vital organ transplantation
3 main issues the public did not understand
1. Uncontested biological factors of brain death - it is an irreversible condition
2. Having a heartbeat when brain death - it maintains the organ alive for donation
3. The legal status of brain death- are they still alive?

21
Q

Breshanhan and Zhuang: communication

A

Communication and informing the family about the brain death scale aids the possibility of donation.