Health Promotion Flashcards
Why do you need to know about health promotion?
- Knowledge of health and health determinants is an essential component of nursing education
- Better equips nursing to assist patient in making or maintaining health behaviours.
- communication with clients
- our goal is to improve a person sense of well-being
Describe the dimensions of health and well-being:
- illustrates key concept of holism:
+ physical health
+ mental health
+ social health
Holistic care:
- Physical health: focussing on body and body system: cardiovascular system, strength, flexibility, …
- Mental health: look at how we take in, process and communication information
- Social health: who we choose to spend our time with, the impact of them.
Describe the major determinants of health affecting the Canadian population:
- Social determinants of health = non-medical factors that effect health outcomes
+ Socioeconomic environment
+ physical environment
+ healthy child development
+ Personal health practice and coping skills
+ Biology and genetic endowment
+ Health services
+ gender
+ culture
The health determinant: Socioeconomic environment?
- Socioeconomic environment :
+ income - social status: the greatest determinant of health influence most other determinants.
+ Social support networks: affect health, health behaviours, health care utilization ( su dung dich vu Cham soc suc khoe)
+ Education and literacy: seen to affect many other health determinants.
+ Employment / working conditions
+ social environments
The strategies for health promotion and disease prevention?
A triangle: Primary prevention , secondary prevention, tertiary ( ter- chy- a- ry) prevention: ngan ngua bac ba.
Strategies for health promotion and disease prevention?
- Primary prevention: (Phong ngua) includes activities that prevent known health problems, protect existing states of health and promote psychosocial ( tam ly xa hoi) wellness ( suc khoe tam ly xa hoi)
Ex: immunizations : teaching a group of grace 3 students about the harmful effects of tobacco use. - Secondary prevention: include activities that promote early detection of disease ( phat hien benh)
Ex: BP screening, routine mammograms - Tertiary prevention: include activities that prevent complications when a condition or disease is present or has progressed.
Ex: teaching foot care in a newly diagnosed diabetes patient, cardiac rehab after the patient had a MI.
Nursing’s role when it comes to health promotion?
- Build healthy public policy
- Create supportive environments
- Strengthen community action
- Develop personal skill
- Reorient health services.
Pender’s health promotion model
The purpose is to “ assist nurses in understanding the major determinants of health behaviours as the basic for behavioural counselling to promote healthy lifestyle” (Pender 2011)
Pender’s health promotion model.
- Individual characteristics and experiences : unchangeable.
- Behaviour specific cognitions and affect: changeable.
- Behavioural outcome: changeable.
Pender’s health promotion model.
Individual characteristics and experiences
- Prior related behaviour:
+ Previous experience with behaviour change.
Ex: What happened the last time the patient tried to quit smoking?
( da xa trong qua khu va khong the thay doi no)
+ Personal factors:
. Biological: age, illness, family history hx
. Psychological: self esteem, perceived health, self-motivation.
. Socio-cultural: race, ethnicity ( tinh cach sac toc) , culture, education, SES ( social education )
Pender’s health promotion model
Behaviour specific cognitions and affect: changeable
- Perceived benefit of action: “ what will i get out of making this change?”
- Perceived barriers to action: “ what is stopping me from making this change?”
- Perceived self-efficacy ( tu tin, tin vao suy nghi va tinh cach). “ am i capable of doing the healthy activity?)
- Activity- related affect : “ how will doing the healthy activity make me feel?”
- Interpersonal influences: “ how do the people around me influence my ability to perform the healthy behaviour?” ( be aware….)
- Situational influences: “ how does my environment influence my ability to perform healthy behaviours?”
Pender’s health promotion model:
Behavioural outcome.(keep qua hanh vi)
What is the level of commitment to a plan of action for behaviour change? ( muc do cam ket doi voi ke hoach cua hanh dong thay doi hanh vi?) —> Do they know strategies needed to carry out this behaviour change? ( ho co biet cac chien luoc can thiet de thuc hien thay doi hanh vi nay khong?) —> health promoting behaviour.
