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Y3 IWB > HEALTH INTERVENTIONS- Brief advice and brief health interventions in the dental setting > Flashcards

HEALTH INTERVENTIONS- Brief advice and brief health interventions in the dental setting Flashcards

1
Q

What is the estimated social and economical cost of alcohol related harm in the uk?

A

£21.5bn

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2
Q

What is the estimated social and economical cost of illicit drug use in the uk?

A

£10.7bn

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3
Q

Give examples of the damage alcohol can cause to the body

A
  1. Stroke
  2. Brain damage
  3. Heart disease
  4. High blood pressure
  5. Liver disease
  6. Depression and anxiety
  7. Cancer
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4
Q

What affect can alcohol have on the oral cavity

A
  1. Irritation to gums, tongue and oral tissues
  2. Poor healing
  3. Poor dental health habits
  4. Increased tooth decay
  5. Poor compliance
  6. Increase risk of periodontal disease and oral cancer
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5
Q

Who isomer likely to receive advice: smokers or risky drinkers?

A

Smokers are 7 times more likely to receive a brief intervention

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6
Q

What are th 3 main reasons we dontcarry out alcohol screening?

A
  1. GDPs had low confidence to talk to patients
  2. GDPs had poor knowledge reducing they willingness to talk about alcohol mis use
  3. GDPs felt it would strut the dentist patient relationship
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7
Q

Who is classified as a lower risk drinker?

A

Someone who has no more than14 units per week with at least 2 alcohol free days

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8
Q

What can we use to help identify if a patient is at risk due to their drinking habits?

A

WE can use AUDIT-C (Alcohol use disorder identification test )

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9
Q

What does AUDIT C stand for?

A

Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test

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10
Q

How do we carry out AUDIT-C?

A

By asking a patients three MCQ questions with each answer corresponding to a score (1-4) then we calculate their total score out of 12

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11
Q

What are the 3 questions we ask wen carrying out AUDITC

A
  1. How often you have a drink containing alcohol
  2. How many units of alcohol do you drink on a typical drinking day
  3. How often have you had 7 or. more units in a single occasion in the last year?
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12
Q

If a patient scores 0-4 on AUDIT C what does that mean

A

They are at a lower risk of harm from alcohol

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13
Q

If a patient scores 5-9 on AUDIT C what does that mean

A

Their frequency and pattern of alcohol consumption may be associated with any problems they may be experiencing

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14
Q

If a patient scores 10+ on AUDIT C what does that mean

A

They are above the safe levels of drinking

Direct the patient tot heir GP or an alcohol service

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15
Q

What is the Transtheoretical model?

A

It is aMODEL that assumes the people do not change behaviours quickly beat individual decision making to change behaviours is a cyclical process

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16
Q

List the 4 main stages of the Transtheoretical model

A
  1. Pre-contemplation
  2. Contemplation
  3. Action
  4. Maintenance
17
Q

What are the 2 outcome of the Transtheoretical model?

A
  1. Termination leading to long term change

2. Lapse and relapse which can lead the cycle to tart again

18
Q

What happens in the pre contemplation stage?

A

In his stage people do not intend to take action in the foreseeable future. People may be unaware their habit is problematic and may see too many negatives in stopping their habits

19
Q

What happens in the contemplation stage?

A

In this stage people are intending to start he healthy behaviour in the foreseeable future (6mths)
People recognise hir behaviour may have negative implications on their health and have considered the pros and cons of changing they habit more

20
Q

What happens in the action stage of the Transtheoretical model?

A

In this stage people have recently changed their behaviour and intend to keep moving forward with their behaviour change or acquiring new healthy habits

21
Q

What happens in the maintenance stage of the Transtheoretical model

A

In this stage people have sustained they behaviour former than 6 months and intend to maintain the behaviour change moving forward

22
Q

What is our preferred outcome to the Transtheoretical model

A

Termination

23
Q

What happens in the termination stage of the Transtheoretical model

A

In this stage people have no desire to return to their unhealthy behaviours an are sure they will not relapse

24
Q

Wh is termination not one of the main 4 stages of the Transtheoretical model

A

As people rarely reach this stage and tend testy in the maintenance stage

25
Q

How can clinicians structure their intervention to best hep the patient

A

By using the Very Brief Intervention (VBI) method to deliver simple structure advice

26
Q

Name the 5stages o the very brief intervention method

A 
Feedback
Responsibility
Advice
Menu (of options)
Empathy
Self-efficacy
27
Q

What do you need to do in the feedback stage of the VBI method

A

Give personalised feedback to patients on their risks for alcohol problems

28
Q

What do you need to do in the responsibility stage of the VBI method?

A

The patients perceived personal control has to be recognise to motivate them to change their behaviour
So emphasise the patients responsibility

29
Q

What do you need to do in the advice stage go the VBI method

A

Give the patient advice on how to change their behaviour

30
Q

What do you need to do in the menu stage of the VBI model

A

Present them with different ways they can reduce drinking so that they can see what works best for the

31
Q

Give some examples of options we can present to patients to help them stop dining

A
  1. Putting a specific limi on alcohol consumption
  2. Learning to recognise the antecedents of drinking and developing skills to avoid drinking in high-risk situations
  3. Planning ahead to limit drinking
  4. Pacing ones drinks
  5. For alcohol dependent patients abstinence is better than reduced drinking
32
Q

What do we d in he empathy stage of the VBI method?

A

Emphasis on the clinician to give warm reflective and understanding intervention rather than an aggressive one

33
Q

What do we need to do in the self efficacy stage of the VBI method

A

Encourage the patient to rely on their own resources to bring about change and to be optimistic about their ability to change their drinking habits

34
Q

What effect does inking have on the periodontal ligament?

A
  1. Increased prevalence of periodontitis bone loss nd a reduction in wound healing
  2. Smokers are 3 times more likely to develop severe periodontits than non smokers
  3. Increases oral cancer and pre cancer
35
Q

Name the 2 biggest risk factors associated with oral cancer

A
  1. Tobacco

2. Alcohol

36
Q

What advice can we give patients who ask about e cigarettes

A
  1. Longterm safety f e cigarettes unknown

2. Referral to stop smoking centre is an option

Y3 IWB (31 decks)

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