Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2nd yr- SSRD- Sociology > Health inequality > Flashcards

Health inequality Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Give some social determinants of health

A
  1. Fixed factors
  2. Lifestyle and behavioural factors
  3. Social positions
  4. Environments, food and transport
  5. Early childhood experience
  6. Poverty
  7. Unemployment
  8. Social and psychological circumstances
  9. Access to services
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 2 determinants of health

A
  1. Social determinants/ social factors

2. International security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does equality refer to?

A

Refers to identical treatment in dealings, quantities or values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does equity refer to?

A

Refers to fairness or the equality of outcomes and involves changing aspects of the system that have disadvantaged particular groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define health inequality

A

Describes differences in health between population groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some different population groups

A
  1. Age
  2. Disability
  3. Socio-economic status
  4. Geographical area
  5. Sex
  6. Ethnicity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define health inequity

A

Describes the differences in health between different social groups that are unjust and can be avoided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is health inequity caused by?

A

Caused by unequal access to opportunities and resources

Also different exposure to risk factors and vulnerability can lead to health inequalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When we talk about ‘differences between groups’ what do we mean?

A
  1. Differences in health outcomes like life expectancy, infant mortality, maternal heath etc
  2. Risk exposure
  3. vulnerability
  4. beliefs/attitudes/behaviours that impact on health
  5. Access to services
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does social inequity come from?

A 
Comes from social structure like class 
The position you were born in determines the lily outcome of your health, wealth, education and future occupation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give some health inequalities between higher and lower income countries

A

Higher income countries have :

  1. A lower infant mortality rate
  2. A longer life expectancy
  3. Are less likely to have self reported poor health
  4. A higher healthy life years
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give some equity issues that are present in all areas

A
  1. Maternal mortality is a health indication that shows very wide variation between rich and poor
  2. Children are at a grater risk of dying before age 5 if they are born in poorer households
  3. In many countries, NCD inequalities are the most important source of inequalities in total mortality and life expectancy.
  4. Those with lower status generally have a higher mortality than those of a higher status
  5. Currrent smoking is more prevalent in lower socioeconomic strata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the group of people that are least likely to receive adequate maternal care

A

Poor women in remote areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much higher is the infant mortality rates in poorer countries compared to wealthier countries

A

oorer regions within countries typically have an under-five mortality rate 1.5–2.5 times higher than richer regions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can mask the increasing inequalities within countries?

A

The overall decline in NCD mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What changees have occurred in mortality rates in the uk from 2003 to 2010

A
  1. statistically significant decreases in all-cause mortality rates for men across all socio-economic classes
  2. only small changes in mortality rates across socio-economic classes over the decade IN WOMEN
  3. Absolute inequality in mortality between the most advantaged and the least advantaged) narrowed over time,
17
Q

Name the area in the UK that has the highest mortality rate in almost all classes

A

North West region

18
Q

Name the area in the UK that has the lowest mortality rate in almost all classes

A

South East and East region

19
Q

How much shorter is the life expectancy of MALES in the most deprived area compared to the least deprived

A

9 years shorter

20
Q

How much shorter is the life expectancy of FEMALES in the most deprived area compared to the least deprived

A

7 years shorter

21
Q

Where is life expectancy and healthy life expectancy highest ?

A

In the least deprived areas areas

22
Q

What is the gap in life expectancy between the most and least deprives areas in England due to?

A

Half of the gap is due to excess deaths from heart disease, stroke and cancer in the most deprived areas

23
Q

What makes up the largest proportion of premature deaths in the uk?

A

heart disease, stroke and cancer

24
Q

As well as lower life expectancy what is there a higher prevalence of in deprived areas?

A

Higher prevalence of many behavioural risk factors among the most deprives areas compared with least deprived

25
Q

Is the regional health gap between classes higher in men or women?

A

In women expect for in London where they are similar and south east England where the gap between men is higher

26
Q

Which ethnic group has the lowest proportion of ‘not good; vernal health?

A

African ethnicity

27
Q

Which ethnic group has the highest proportion of ‘not good; vernal health?

A

Gypsy or Irish traveller

28
Q

Do oral health inequalities exist?

A

Yes between developed and developing countries

29
Q

Give some oral health inequalities in engaln

A
  1. Higher % of caries FREE children in social class I than social class v
  2. Theres regional differences between north and south
30
Q

What is the social class gradient at childhood associated with?

A

Social class gradient at childhood associates with oral health problems in adulthood

31
Q

Describe the oral health of adults from a more advantaged background

A

Those from more ‘advantaged’ backgrounds had:

  1. Less decay
  2. More teeth
  3. Less bleeding gums
  4. Less deep pocketing (>6mm)
  5. Less dental pain
  6. Lower proportion of edentate
  7. Fewer open pulps
  8. Less ulceration or fistula
32
Q

Give some theoretical explanations that discuss social class and health

A
  1. Both Class and Health are artefacts of the measurement process
  2. Functionalism: Health stays is affected by social position
  3. People in lower social classes indulge in unhealthy behaviour
  4. Factors such as poverty, distribution of income, material deprivation, unemployment affect health
  5. Psycho-social: Inequality of income, lack of social cohesion, psycho-social injustice
33
Q

What are theoretical explanation used to explain?

A

The Link between:

  1. Social class and health
  2. Gender and health
  3. Race/ethnicity and health
  4. Place and health
34
Q

Why is equality better for everyone?

A
  1. Unequal societies do worse according to almost every quality of life indicator
  2. Unequal sociétés create mental and emotion suffering despite levels of death, material and technical achievements
  3. Psychosocialinjuries
35
Q

What is the WHO trying to do to reduce health inequality?

A

They have written a commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH)

36
Q

What is the on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH)

A

It is a WHO initiative to try and reduce health inequalities through action on the social determinants of health

37
Q

What role do dentist have in taking health inequalities?

A
  1. Tailor your response to the level or oral and general health needs
  2. Build on community assets and strengthening family competence to self manage health
  3. Early intervention is key
  4. Focus on family
  5. Have a personalise approach to deliver services
38
Q

What does the GDC expect from dentist and the oral health team in regards to taking health inequalities?

A
  1. All members of the dental team should acquire a thorough understanding of the importance that social determinants play in oral as well as general health.
  2. Should engage in partnership with communities to help them beer understand and take the social, economic snd environmental factors that determine oral health
  3. Should engage with colleagues in the development of cross sectoral partnerships
  4. Should become advocates fro health with their patients and the wider community

2nd yr- SSRD- Sociology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions