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BIOE > HEALTH INDICATORS, DEMOGRAPHY, POPULATION ESTIMATION > Flashcards

HEALTH INDICATORS, DEMOGRAPHY, POPULATION ESTIMATION Flashcards

1
Q
  • used to measure objectively a specific health concept of interest
  • Usually numeric measures which help compare the targeted or expected results of
    health programs
A

Health Indicators

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2
Q

measure health outcomes and/or their risk factors

A

Health status indicators

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3
Q

measure aspects of the performance of health
services or public health programs

A

Health service performance indicators

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4
Q

describes the total population which is used as the
denominator in the computation

A

Crude rates

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5
Q

describes only a specific sub-group of the total
population being considered

A

Specific rates

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6
Q

occurred during the specific point in time being
considered

A

Point in time

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7
Q

occurred over a period of time

A

Period of time

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8
Q

resources needed to deliver the essential services to the
population or to achieve project objectives

A

Input indicators

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9
Q

direct products of project activities. Generally in the form
of activities and processes undertaken

A

Output indicators

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10
Q

immediate result or short term effect of the services or activities implemented

A

Outcome indicators

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11
Q

intended or unintended long-term organizational/community changes

A

Impact indicators

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12
Q

Conventional Health Status Indicators

A
  • Measures of Morbidity
  • Measures of Mortality
  • Measures of Fertility
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13
Q

Computing Indicators

A
  • Absolute numbers
  • Ratios
  • Proportions
  • Rates
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14
Q

Types of Health Indicators

According to:

A
  1. aspect of health being measured
  2. group referred to
  3. time covered by the events
  4. components of the evaluation framework
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15
Q
  • simple count of the number of persons, houses or events being considered
  • easy to understand but difficult to interpret especially when making comparisons among
    groups with different sizes
  • count based on proportion
A

Absolute Numbers

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16
Q
  • result of dividing one number by another
  • reserved for measures wherein the numerator is not part
    of the denominator
A

Ratio

17
Q
  • special kind of ratio wherein the numerator is part of the denominator
  • When multiplied by 100 – called as percentage
A

Proportion

18
Q
  • measures how fast an event occurs over time or space
  • expressed in terms of the frequency of occurrence of events
  • similar to proportion but with element of time
A

Rate

18
Q
  • The scientific study of human populations
    – Population size
    – Population structure/composition
    – Population distribution in space
A

Demography

19
Q

people are counted or allocated to the area where they were physically present at the time of the census

A

De Facto Method

19
Q
  • Affected by:
    – Natality
    – Mortality
    – migration
A

Population Size

19
Q

people are counted or
allocated to the place of their usual residence

A

De Jure Method

20
Q
  • Determines the number of percentage of the population according to the categories of important socio-demographic-economic variables
A

Population Composition

21
Q

Factors Affecting Population Composition

A
  • Birth rate: # of births per 1000 population
  • Death rate: # of deaths per 1000 population
  • Emigration: number of people leaving a country
  • Immigration: number of people moving to a country
22
Q

the age below which we have 50% of the population

A

Median Age

23
Q

indicator of age-induced
economic drain on human resources
– Children (0-14yo)
– Elderly (≥65yo)
– Computed as the ratio of the dependents to the
economically active group (15-64) of the population

A

Age dependency ratio

24
Q
  • computed by dividing the number of males by the number of females using a factor of 100
  • Interpreted as the number of males for every 100 females in the population
A

Sex ratio

25
Q
  • Graphical presentation of the age and sex structure of a population
A

Population Pyramid

26
Q
  • Description of how people are distributed in a
    specified space or geographic area
  • Affected by:
    – Physical
    – Political
    – Social/Cultural
    – Economic
A

Population Distribution

BIOE (4 decks)

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