Health, Hygiene, And Illness Flashcards
How long must you wait after local anaesthetic before flying again
12 hours
How long must you wait after general anaesthetic before flying again
24 hours
what is gastritis
Problems with the lining of the stomach
What is Gastro- enteritis
Mostly food poisoning but can be viral
What is the most common cause of pilot incapacitation
Food poisoning/ gastro-enteritis
What foods should you avoid to avoid food poising
Fresh fruit Local curries Meat (unless properly cooked) Salads Ice cream
What are the different types of back pain
Back ache
(from sitting for too long or in a awkward position)
Or lifting awkwardly
Slipped disk
Causing the disk to press against the nerve in the spine
Sciatica
Nerves in the spine become irritated or inflamed
Whiplash
Neck injury caused by sudden impact
Frozen shoulder
Stiffness / soreness in shoulder normal because it is inflamed
Ankylosing spondylitis
Long term back pain where spine meets pelvis
What does 1 unit of alcohol equate to
1/2 pint of low % beer
1 small glass of wine
1 shot of spirit
How many milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood is 1 unit
15 milligrams
At what rate does your body metabolise alcohol
15 milligrams / 100ml of blood / hour
=
1 unit / hour
What is the max milligrams of alcohol / 100ml blood for eu operations limit
20 milligrams of alcohol/ 100ml of blood
How many milligrams of alcohol / 100 ml of blood can significantly increase errors by flight crew
40milligrams
What is the recommended alcohol intake for men
5 units / day
21 units / week
What is the recommended alcohol limit for women
3 units / day
14 units / week
What is the definition of alcoholism
Where excessive use of alcohol repeatedly damages a persons physical, mental, or social life
Symptoms of alcoholism
Drinking alone Gilligan first drink Wondering when next drink is Defensive about drinking habits Protective over their alcohol Use alcohol as tranquilliser Shaky in the morning Loss of memory Binge drink
How much caffeine / 100ml of blood reduces performance
200milligrams
What is the recommended max caffeine intake per day
250-300 milligrams / 100ml of blood
How much caffeine is in a large cup of coffee
60-70 milligrams / 100ml of blood
What is the ABCD malaria protection method
A awareness of the risk
B bite prevention
C check if you need malaria prevention tablets
D diagnosis if you have been to one of the affected countries and feel ill
How is yellow fever spread
By Mosquitos who usually bite during day in towns and cities
What symptoms of yellow fever mean you’re gonna die
Bleeding from mouth / nose / ears
How does polio get contracted
Person to person
Especially fesses
Or coughing / sneezing
What are the later stages of polio
Paralysis usually temporary
Breathing difficulties
How is typhoid fever contracted
Salmonella typhi
Fesses contaminated in food or water
What are the symptoms for acute hepatitis
Flu High temp Nauseous Muscle ache Tired all the time Loss of appetite Dark urine Yellowing of skin
What are the symptoms of chronic hepatitis
Swelling of legs / ankles / feet
Blood in fesses and vomit
Loss of liver function (cirrhosis)
What causes hepatitis A
Food and drink contaminated with fesses of an infected person
What is the treatment for hepatitis A
No treatment
Antibiotics reduce symptoms
What causes hepatitis B
Spread through blood of infected person
By shared needles or unprotected sex
Is there treatment for hepatitis B
No treatment
Body flushes it out over time
What causes hepatitis C
Transmitted through blood of infected person
Shared needles or unprotected sex
Is there treatment for hepatitis C
No
How is cholera transmitted
Food and drink contaminated with fesses
What treatment is there for cholera
Keep hydrated
Pain killers
What causes tetanus
Punctures in the pours of the skin gets infected with bacteria called clostridium tetani
From standing on a rusty nail etc
Is there treatment for tetanus
Yes
What symptoms of tetanus
Body muscles cramp up
Tuberculosis causes
Air born disease carried through the sneeze or cough of infected person
Symptoms of tuberculosis
Breathing difficulties
Bad cough
Bad sleep
Sweaty
Is there treatment for tuberculosis
Yes antibiotics
What causes rabies (hydrophobia)
Bites or scratches from infected animals
What treatments is there for rabies
Needs to be done quick
But most commonly results in death
Parasitic worms (schistosomiasis / bicharzia) causes
Worms in ponds lakes or stagnant water
Contained when water ingested
What treatment is there for parasitic worms (schistosomiasis / bicharzia)
Antibiotics
But no prevention
What is type 1 diabetes
Commonly found in children it is the pancreas not producing enough insulin
What is type 2 diabetes
Common in adults
Caused by poor diet which can cause the pancreas to not produce enough insulin
Diabetes symptoms
sweet breath Very thirsty Frequent skin / bladder / gum infections Blurred vision Mood swings Hypertensive (high blood pressure) Hypotension (low blood pressure)
How is bmi calculated
Bmi = weight / (height^2)
What bmi score means underweight
<18.5
What is a normal bmi
18.5-25
What is a overweight bmi score
26-30
25 in male
24 in female
What bmi score is obese
31-35
30 In male
29 female
What bmi score is morbidly obese
35>
What is the definition of obese
An abnormal accumulation of body fat usually 20% or more over an ideal body weight
How much exercise should you do
3 times / week for 20 mins each
What % of diet should be taken up by good carbohydrates
Eg: grains nuts veg and fruits
50%
What minerals do you need
Iron
Calcium
Fosferous
Side affects of aspirin
Gastric bleeding
Side affects of Imodium
Blurred vision
When should you use sleeping pills
Unless approved by ame never!
Not 24 hours before a flight
Side effect of stimulants
Over confident
Reckless
What should you do if using antibiotics
Deem yourself unfit to fly
What should you do if you need pain killers
Deem yourself unfit to fly
What factors contribute to coronary artery disease
Obesity
Distress
Smoking
Family
How does the body loose water
Skin
Lungs
Kidneys
