Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AQA AS PE > Health exercise and fitness > Flashcards

Health exercise and fitness Flashcards

1
Q

Define cardiorespiratory endurance

A

The ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to take in and transport oxygen to the working muscles, where it can be utilised and aerobic performance maintained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is cardiorespiratory endurance affected by (3)

A
  1. efficiency of gaseous exchange at lungs and muscle cells
  2. effectiveness of O2 transport from lungs to muscle cells
  3. ability of muscle cells to utilise the O2 they recieve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cardiorespiratory endurance performers often possess:

A
  1. greater capillarisation of alveoli and muscle cells
  2. greater concentration of red blood cells and thus haemoglobin in blood (helps transport O2 to working muscles)
  3. Greater concentration of myoglobin in muscle cells (helps store o2 and transport to mitochondria)
  4. Greater number and size of mitochondria (site of energy production under aerobic conditions)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How to test stamina

A

Harvard step test
cooper 12 min run test
multi stage fitness test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define vo2 max

A

the maximal volume of oxygen a person can take in transport and utilise per min

ml/kg/min OR l/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define body composition

A

the relative components of total body mass in terms of fat mass and lean body mass

Lean body mass good for cardiovascular and muscular endurance as more o2 directed to working muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to test body composition (3)

A

bioelectrical impedance
BMI
skin fold measurement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define flexibility

A

the range of movement possible around a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

define static flexibility

A

the range of movement around a joint when the muscles surrounding the joint are slowly lengthed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

define dynamic flexibility

A

considers the speed at which the body parts are moved around a joint eg trampolining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

6 factors which determine flexbility

A 
elasticity of ligaments and tendons surrounding the joints
strength of antagonist surrounding joint
type of joint
temp of muscle and connective tissues
performer age
gender
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how to test flexibility

A

sit and reach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

define maximum strength and how to test it

A

maximum force developed in muscle or group of muscles during a single maximal contraction

1 repetition max

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what 2 factors is maximum strength dependent on

A
  1. cross sectional area of muscle

2. amount of fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibres (2b)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define muscular strength or strength endurance

A

the ability of a muscle or muscle group to undergo repeated contractions against a resistance for an extended period of time

medium - high intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to test strength endurance

A

NCF abdominal conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

define strength

A

ability of body to apply a force against a resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Strength endurance; what type of muscle fibres

A

slow (type1) twitch muscle fibres
fast oxidative glycolytic muscle fibres (2a)- pick up certain slow twitch characteristics so withstand fatigue longer.

able to withstand high levels of lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

5 health related components of fitness

A 
cardiorespiratory endurance
strength endurance
maximum strength
Flexbility
body composition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 health and skill related fitness components

A

power
elastic strength
speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define elastic stregth

A

the ability to overcome a resistance rapidly and prepare the muscle quickly for a sequential contraction of equal force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what do elastic strength athletes contain a lot of?

A

fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibres (2b)

Thick myelin shealth surrounding the fibres allows motor neurone to conduct impulse to muscle more rapidly = faster rate of muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how to test elastic strength

24
Q

define power

A

amount of work done per unit of time

25
what do power athletes contain a lot of
fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibres type 2b
26
test power
standing vertical jump (sergeant jump)
27
define speed (2)
maximum rate that a person can move over a specific distance (whole body) ability to put body parts into action quickly (one body part)
28
factors affecting speed
high proportion fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibres high stores of phosphocreatine within muscle (fuel used to help muscle contraction during v high intensity activities) highly effective lever systems (puts limbs into action quickly)
29
test speed?
30m sprint test
30
4 skill (motor) related fitness components
agility coordination balance reaction times
31
define agility
ability to move and change direction and position of body while maintaining good body control, without loss of speed
32
test agility
illinois agility run
33
define balance
Maintenance of body's centre of mass over the base of support
34
2 types of balance
static eg handstand dynamic eg kartwheel
35
what does balance depend on
sensory functions ; eyes ears proprioceptors
36
define centre of mass
point at which body is balanced in all directions
37
test balance
standing stork
38
define coordination
an organised working together of muscles and groups of muscles aimed at bringing about a purposeful movement such as running
39
6 aspects of coordination
general (possession of fundamental skills) specific (exercise related skills developed through practice) kinaesthetic differentiation ( correctly adjust muscle tension) Orientation in time and space (concentrate optimally and consistently on varying stimuli) Reactive ability (producing fast reactions to unexpected situations) Rhythm/synchronisation (getting timing and feeling action)
40
test coordination
alternate hand ball toss test
41
define reaction time
time takes to initiate a response to a given stimulus
42
what is reaction time dependant on
ability to process visual and aural info, then initate a response based on this
43
2 types of reaction times
simple - movement response time to single stimuli choice - movement response time to one or more stimuli that involves a choice of action. improved with practice and training.
44
test reaction time
ruler drop test
45
where is saturated fat found and what is it
solid at room temp animal meats dairy products
46
what does inactivity cause a risk of (3)
CHD strokes diabetes
47
define inactivity
less than 2.5 hours a week of moderate intensity exercise or 1 hour per week of vigorous exercise
48
define stress
the psychological and physiological response to something that upsets our individual balance and often requires adjustment or action to take place
49
which 2 hormones are released if stressed
cortisol | adrenaline
50
what physiologically happens in body when stressed and what can it lead to
raised blood pressure and heart rate; ``` skin conditions diabetes obesity migraines irritable bowel syndrone CVD ```
51
4 causes of stress
environment social family/relationship work
52
6 ways to cope with stress
``` acknowledge stressors relaxation techniques eg. imagery exercise and eat healthy good nights sleep stay away from depressants and stimulants prioritise your time ```
53
2 dangers of smoking
CVD | lung cancer
54
2 impacts of smoking on aerobic fitness
1. restricted transport of O2 CO in smoke combines with haemoglobin and restricts o2 absorption making it less available to muscles 2. narrowing of respiratory airways inflammation of lining of airways and alveoli can restrict passage of air and impede gaseous exchange and thus movement of o2 into bloodstream
55
4 lifestyle choices
diet exercise work life balance smoking

AQA AS PE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions