Health disease and development of medicine Flashcards
define health
A state of physical and mental well-being
define disease
Condition that can cause ill health
Define communicable
Transfers from person to person
what type of microorganisms are communicable?
Viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi
Examples of communicable diseases
Common cold, malaria, and meningitis
Define noncommunicable
Can’t spread between people
examples of a noncommunicable disease
Asthma, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cancer
in woman, what is the relation between HPV and cancer?
HPV can cause cervical cancer in women
how does our body immune system hurt itself?
Sometimes our body can overreact to a pathogen and damage our tissue – which can cause skin rashes or asthma
define microorganism
Tiny organisms– bacteria, viruses, protests and fungi
define pathogen
Microorganisms that can cause disease
how can pathogens spread?
. Air
.Contaminated food and water
.Direct contact.
describe how pathogens spread through air
Pathogens such as the influenza virus carried in tiny droplets we released when we cough and sneeze
describe how pathogens can spread in contaminated food and water
Cholera is a bacteria which is spread by drinking water contaminated with diarrhoea of someone already with cholera. Other diseases such as salmonella can be spread by eating contaminated food mainly chicken.
describe how direct contact can spread pathogens
Athletes foot (a fungi which makes skin on the feet flake off) can be spread by walking barefoot on a contaminated surface such as a swimming pool
How can we prevent spreading pathogens?
. washing hands
. cleaning cookery items
. killing organisms that transport pathogens
. vaccination
. isolation or quarantine infected people
what is a fungi?
A fungi is a unicellular and multicellular eukaryotic organism
describe how multicellular fungi can spread
Multicellular fungi such as mushrooms have hyphae ( long threads) which spread from the body through soil which can penetrate human skin and caused disease. they can also spread spores which can spread the fungi
what is a protist
Unicellular and sometimes multicellular eukaryotic organisms
Why are fungi classed as parasites?
Because they live in or on another organism
how are protists spread?
Transported by vectors (other organisms) which transport the protists between hosts?
how is malaria transported?
A mosquito feeds on an animal which contains malaria this mosquito then sucks up these malaria protists And when the mosquito next bites an animal, it transports malaria, and the protists spread to a new host
how to prevent the spread of malaria
. Destroy the vectors breeding sites
. kill the mosquito with insectorsides
. use mosquito repellent
What is a virus?
An abiotic organism which takes control of animal cells and uses its mechanics to reproduce
