Health Care System Flashcards
A system is an arrangement of parts, and their interconnection come together for a purpose.
BERTANLAFFY (1968)
“The combination of resources, organization, financing, and management that culminate the delivery of health services to the population”
ROEMER (1991)
What are the 3 main goals for health system identified by WHO?
- IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF POPULATIONS
- IMPROVING THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM TO THE POPULATION IT SERVES
- FAIRNESS IN FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION
- Improving population health.
- Measured over the entire population and across different socioeconomic groups.
IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF POPULATION
Responsiveness represents the health system that provides services in the manner that people want or desire and engages people as active partners.
IMPROVING THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM TO THE POPULATION IT SERVES
Provides social and financial risk protection in health and be fairly financed.
FAIRNESS UN FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION
What are the 4 vital health system function?
HEALTH SERVICE PROVISION, HEALTH SERVICE INPUTS, STEWARDSHIP, AND HEALTH FINANCING
Promotes health and try to avert illness through education and preventive measures.
HEALTH SERVICE PROVISION
Assembling essential resources for delivering health services including human resources, medications, and medical equipment.
HEALTH SERVICE INPUTS
The overall system oversight sets the context and policy framework for the overall health system. Usually a governmental responsibility.
STEWARDSHIP
Collecting revenues, pooling financial risk, and allocating revenue.
HEALTH FINANCING
- Collection of money to pay for health care services.
- General taxation, donor financing, mandatory payroll contributions, mandatory or voluntary risk-rated contributions, direct household out-of-pocket expenditures, and other forms of personal savings.
REVENUE COLLECTION
- Collection and management of financial resources in a way that spreads financial risks from an individual to all pool members.
- Health insurance mechanism.
RISK POOLING
What are the two main models of Risk Pooling?
BISMARCK MODEL AND BEVERIDGE MODEL
- Uses an insurance system.
- Sickness funds.
- Financed jointly by employers and employees through payroll deduction.
BISMARCK MODEL or BISMARCK’s LAW ON HEALTH INSURANCE OF 1883
Who invented the welfare state as part of the unification of Germany in the 19th century?
Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
Health Care is provided and financed by the government through tax payments.
BEVERIDGE MODEL or FROM THE REPORT ON SOCIAL INSURANCE AND ALLIED SERVICES OF 1942 — THE BEVERIDGE REPORT
The Beveridge Model is named after the social reformer who designed Britain’s National Health Service.
William Beveridge
The most risk-pooling organizations or purchasers use collected and pooled financial resources to finance or buy health care services for their members.
STRATEGIC PURCHASING
Delivers effective, safe, quality personal and non-personal health interventions to those who need them, when and where needed, with minimum waste of resources.
SERVICE DELIVERY
Works in ways that are responsive, fair, and efficient to achieve the best health outcomes possible, given the available resources and circumstances.
HEALTH WORKFORCE
Ensures the production, analysis, dissemination, and use of reliable and timely information on health determinants, health system’s performance, and health status.
INFORMATION
Ensure equitable access to essential medical products, vaccines, and technologies.
MEDICAL PRODUCTS, VACCINES, AND TECHNOLOGIES
Raises adequate funds for health, to ensure people can use needed services and are protected from financial catastrophe.
FINANCING
