Health Care System Flashcards
A system is an arrangement of parts, and their interconnection come together for a purpose.
BERTANLAFFY (1968)
“The combination of resources, organization, financing, and management that culminate the delivery of health services to the population”
ROEMER (1991)
What are the 3 main goals for health system identified by WHO?
- IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF POPULATIONS
- IMPROVING THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM TO THE POPULATION IT SERVES
- FAIRNESS IN FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION
- Improving population health.
- Measured over the entire population and across different socioeconomic groups.
IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF POPULATION
Responsiveness represents the health system that provides services in the manner that people want or desire and engages people as active partners.
IMPROVING THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM TO THE POPULATION IT SERVES
Provides social and financial risk protection in health and be fairly financed.
FAIRNESS UN FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION
What are the 4 vital health system function?
HEALTH SERVICE PROVISION, HEALTH SERVICE INPUTS, STEWARDSHIP, AND HEALTH FINANCING
Promotes health and try to avert illness through education and preventive measures.
HEALTH SERVICE PROVISION
Assembling essential resources for delivering health services including human resources, medications, and medical equipment.
HEALTH SERVICE INPUTS
The overall system oversight sets the context and policy framework for the overall health system. Usually a governmental responsibility.
STEWARDSHIP
Collecting revenues, pooling financial risk, and allocating revenue.
HEALTH FINANCING
- Collection of money to pay for health care services.
- General taxation, donor financing, mandatory payroll contributions, mandatory or voluntary risk-rated contributions, direct household out-of-pocket expenditures, and other forms of personal savings.
REVENUE COLLECTION
- Collection and management of financial resources in a way that spreads financial risks from an individual to all pool members.
- Health insurance mechanism.
RISK POOLING
What are the two main models of Risk Pooling?
BISMARCK MODEL AND BEVERIDGE MODEL
- Uses an insurance system.
- Sickness funds.
- Financed jointly by employers and employees through payroll deduction.
BISMARCK MODEL or BISMARCK’s LAW ON HEALTH INSURANCE OF 1883
Who invented the welfare state as part of the unification of Germany in the 19th century?
Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
Health Care is provided and financed by the government through tax payments.
BEVERIDGE MODEL or FROM THE REPORT ON SOCIAL INSURANCE AND ALLIED SERVICES OF 1942 — THE BEVERIDGE REPORT
The Beveridge Model is named after the social reformer who designed Britain’s National Health Service.
William Beveridge
The most risk-pooling organizations or purchasers use collected and pooled financial resources to finance or buy health care services for their members.
STRATEGIC PURCHASING
Delivers effective, safe, quality personal and non-personal health interventions to those who need them, when and where needed, with minimum waste of resources.
SERVICE DELIVERY
Works in ways that are responsive, fair, and efficient to achieve the best health outcomes possible, given the available resources and circumstances.
HEALTH WORKFORCE
Ensures the production, analysis, dissemination, and use of reliable and timely information on health determinants, health system’s performance, and health status.
INFORMATION
Ensure equitable access to essential medical products, vaccines, and technologies.
MEDICAL PRODUCTS, VACCINES, AND TECHNOLOGIES
Raises adequate funds for health, to ensure people can use needed services and are protected from financial catastrophe.
FINANCING
Ensure strategic policy frameworks exist and are combined with effective stewardship, coalition building, the provision of appropriate regulations and incentives, attention to system design, and accountability.
LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE
Developed a largely centralized government-funded and operated health care system.
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FOR ALL (1970)
Promoted participatory management of the local health care system.
ADOPTION OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (1979)
Integrated public health and hospital services.
REORGANIZATION OF DOH (1982)
Prevention and nutrition to promote breastfeeding.
MILK CODE 1986
Prescriptions are written using the generic name of the drug in an attempt to lower expenditure on drugs by promoting and purchasing non-branded medicines.
THE GENERICS ACT (1988)
Transfer of responsibility of health service provisions to the local government units.
R.A. 7160 LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE (1991)
Aims to provide all citizens a mechanism for financial protection with priority given to the poor.
NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE ACT (1995)
Major organizational restructuring of DOH to improve the way health care is delivered, regulated, and financed.
HEALTH SECTOR REFORM AGENDA (1996)
Adoption of operational framework to undertake reforms with speed, precision, and effective coordination.
FOURMULA ONE (F1) FOR HEALTH (2005)
Promotes and ensures access to affordable quality drugs and medicines for all.
R.A. 9502 ACCESS TO CHEAPER AND QUALITY MEDICINES ACT (2008)
Universal health coverage and access to quality health care for all Filipinos.
A.O. 2010-0036 KALUSUGANG PANGKALAHATAN (2010)
Generating extra income revenue got the Department of Health by discouraging harmful consumption of alcohol and tobacco.
SIN TAXES FOR HEALTH (2013)
Enrolling all Filipino citizens automatically in the National Health Insurance Program administered by PhilHealth. All Filipinos are guaranteed equitable access to quality and affordable health care services.
UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE LAW (2019)
LGUs were granted autonomy and responsibility for their own health services.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE (1991)
The Universal Health Care Act of 2019 is also known as the:
R.A. 11223
“All for Health Towards Health for All” is the rally point for its vision of a healthy Philippines by 2020.
THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA (DOH ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER 2016-0038)
The four key medium term plans to translate the vision of aspirations for the Filipinos and the country.
THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2017-2022
A collective long term plan which envisions a better life for Filipinos and the country in the next 25 years.
NEDA AmBisyon NATIN 2040
A compilation of 17 developmental goals that targets to end poverty, fight inequality and injustice, and confront issues involving climate change and its effects.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS 2030
