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Health Care systems And Policies > health care institutions > Flashcards

health care institutions Flashcards

1
Q

Term

A

Definition

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2
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America’s Best Hospitals: 2024-2025 Honor Roll

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  • New York-Presbyterian Hospital: Named one of the nation’s best hospitals by U.S. News & World Report
  • Recognition: For 21 consecutive years
  • Rank: #1 hospital in New York
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3
Q

Healthcare Institutions

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  • Hospitals: General health facilities
  • Clinics: Offer outpatient care
  • Ambulatory Surgery Centers: Perform surgeries without overnight stay
  • Cruise Ship: Provides medical care on cruises
  • All of the Above: Includes all mentioned institutions
  • ABC: Possibly refers to a specific classification or example
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4
Q

Healthcare Institutions: New Options and Expansion

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  • Specialized Clinics: Focus on specific health issues
  • Outpatient Centers: Reduce hospital burden
  • Long-Term Care Facilities: For extended care needs
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5
Q

Healthcare Institutions: Levels of Care

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  • Short-Term Facilities: Temporary care for acute issues
  • Long-Term Facilities: Ongoing care for chronic conditions
  • Insurance: Not required for emergency room visits
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6
Q

Ambulatory Surgery Centers

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  • Definition: Outpatient surgical facilities
  • Cost: Lower cost than hospitals
  • Procedures: Routine surgeries, such as biopsies and hernia repairs
  • Equipment: Less sophisticated than hospital operating rooms
  • Anesthesia: Local anesthesia; patient goes home same day
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7
Q

Urgent Care Centers

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  • Operation: Private, for-profit; up to 24-hour care
  • Care: Timely and accessible for emergencies
  • Treatments: Cuts, sprains, infections
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8
Q

Birth Centers

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  • Focus: Midwifery model
  • Environment: Comfortable, cost-effective, family-inclusive birth
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9
Q

Blood Banks

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  • Function: Blood and platelet donations
  • Storage: Blood sorted into components
  • Importance: Essential for life; only available through donation
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10
Q

Clinics and Medical Offices

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  • Clinics: Routine checkups
  • Private Practice: Individual or group practice
  • Corporately Owned: Connected to larger health systems or hospitals
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11
Q

Diabetes Centers

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  • Prevalence: 30 million people with diabetes
  • Prediabetes: Affects a third of the population
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12
Q

Dialysis Centers

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  • Function: Filter and clean blood for kidney patients
  • Purpose: Meet high demand and reduce hospital strain
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13
Q

Adult Day Care Centers

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  • Type: Non-residential
  • Services: Activities, meals, supervision
  • Operation: 10-12 hours/day; social/recreational activities
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14
Q

Hospice

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  • Purpose: End-of-life care
  • Care: For dying patients and families
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15
Q

Imaging and Radiology Centers

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  • Services: Diagnostic imaging
  • Types: CT scans, ultrasounds, X-rays, MRIs
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16
Q

Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Centers

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  • Purpose: Treat mental health issues
  • Addiction Treatment: Drug, alcohol, and behavioral addictions
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17
Q

Orthopedic and Other Rehabilitation Centers

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  • Focus: Athletic injuries, disabilities
  • Services: Evaluation, diagnosis, therapy
  • Conditions: Bone, tendon, ligament, muscle, and joint
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18
Q

Telehealth

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  • Definition: Remote healthcare
  • Technology: Electronic communication for long-distance care
  • Use: Useful during COVID and in rural areas
  • New Yorkers: Over 80% used telehealth recently
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19
Q

Types of Hospitals

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  • Ownership: Proprietary, voluntary, teaching
  • Teaching Hospitals: Provide training; affiliated with medical schools
  • Community Hospitals: Small, nonprofit; offer routine care
  • Public Hospitals: Government-operated; care for the poor
20
Q

Short-Stay Facilities

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  • Types: Acute Care, Community, Teaching, Public Hospitals
  • Purpose: Resolve pressing medical conditions
21
Q

Intermediate Care Facilities

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  • Services: Room, board, nursing care
  • Programs: Exercise, social, physical, and occupational therapy
22
Q

Long-Term Care Facilities

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  • Types: Chronic conditions, rehabilitation, psychiatric hospitals, nursing homes
23
Q

Nursing Homes

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  • Purpose: Long-term care
  • Types: Intermediate Care, Skilled Nursing, Residential Care
24
Q

Residential Care Facilities

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  • Services: Meals, housekeeping, basic medical monitoring
  • Residents: Independent but need help with daily tasks
25
Q

Patient-Centered Medical Homes

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  • Care Model: Team care, individual plans
  • Features: Cultural competency, disease registries, evidence-based care, care management
26
Q

Concierge Medicine

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  • Description: Membership-based healthcare
  • Features: Personalized care, flat fee, unlimited visits
27
Q

Accountable Care Organizations (ACO)

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  • Model: Population health, provider-led
  • Responsibilities: Manage patient group, integrated communication, shared savings
  • Types: Physician groups, networks, joint ventures
28
Q

CMS Quality Measures for ACOs

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  • Areas: Patient experience, care coordination, safety, preventive health, at-risk population
29
Q

Successful Healthcare Institutions

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  • Traits: Vision, values, strategic plans, medication safety plans, policies, training
30
Q

Vision

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  • Example: New York Presbyterian Hospital’s Vision: Excellence in clinical care, safety, research, education
31
Q

Our Culture and Values

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  • Integrity: Truthful, ethical
  • Teamwork: Collaborative
  • Empathy: Understanding and responsive
  • Innovation: Embracing new ideas
  • Respect: Valuing individuals
32
Q

Drug Distribution Plans

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  • Types: Centralized, decentralized, remote, point of care, outsourced, automated dispensing
33
Q

Hospital Centralized Distribution Plan

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  • Systems: Robots, carousel, centralized pharmacy, cart fill, intravenous admixtures, automation
34
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Global Challenges of Healthcare Institutions

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  • Issues: CDTM status, NYS regulations, Medicare cuts, drug shortages, drug diversion, counterfeit drugs, new regulations, rising drug costs
35
Q

Complexities Related to Medication Management

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  • Challenges: New drugs, labeling, patient info, medication devices, new systems
36
Q

Challenging Healthcare Trends: NYS Medicaid Facts

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  • Coverage: 60 million nationwide, 5 million in NYS
  • Funding: State and federal
  • Enrollment: 38% children, 3 million in NYS
37
Q

Challenging Healthcare Trends: Medicare Facts

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  • Population: 25% of state’s population
  • Spending: Twice the national average, $30 billion/year
38
Q

Medication Safety

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  • Importance: Priority
  • Evolution: Pharmacy systems and education
  • Roles: Safety officers, multidisciplinary committees
39
Q

Medication Errors

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  • Statistics: 10,000 deaths/year, $40 billion cost
  • Prevention: Systems to reduce errors
40
Q

Fatal Medication Error: Emily Jerry

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  • Incident: Overdose of sodium chloride
  • Mistake: Wrong concentration in chemotherapy IV
  • Outcome: Pharmacist jailed, license revoked
41
Q

Fatal Medication Error: Vincristine Administered Intrathecally

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  • Incident: Intrathecal administration of vincristine
  • Mistake: Misdelivery and administration
  • Outcome: Patient death
42
Q

“Do Not Use” Abbreviations

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  • Examples: U (unit), IU (international unit), qd (every day), qod (every other day), MS (morphine sulfate), MgSO4 (magnesium sulfate), etc.
43
Q

Examples of Errors or Potential Errors

A
  • Examples: Clonidine vs. Klonopin, Dicloxacillin vs. Doxycycline, Methotrexate dosing
44
Q

Errors in Medication Process

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  • Steps: Medication order, dispensing, administration
45
Q

Medication Errors Causes

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  • Causes: Look-alike drugs, sound-alike drugs, mistaken communication, new drugs, unfamiliarity, misread orders
46
Q

Pharmacist’s Role in Medication Safety

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  • Responsibilities: Develop care plans, evaluate failures, educate team and patients, improve processes, incorporate technology, develop programs, participate in analysis
47
Q

Team Role in Medication Safety

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  • Contribution: Everyone in the healthcare team contributes to safety

Health Care systems And Policies (5 decks)

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