Health Beliefs and Behaviour

Question 1

Definition of Health Behaviour:

Answer 1

any activity undertaken by an individual believing himself to be healthy, for the purpose of preventing disease or detecting it at an asymptomatic stage.

Question 2

Effectiveness of Education on Health Behaviour

Answer 2

• Effective for discrete behaviour (e.g. getting a vaccine)

* NOT effective on its own for complex behaviours (does not address reasons for poor behaviours)

Question 3

Definition of Self-Efficacy

Answer 3

belief that one can execute the behaviour required to produce the outcome.

Question 4

Sources of Self-Efficacy (4)

Answer 4

• Mastery experience
• Social learning (they can do it, I can do it too)
• Verbal persuasion/encouragement
• Physiological arousal
o (Interpretation of physiological symptoms e.g. breathlessness is a sign of good work our or being unfit)

Question 5

In health belief model: what factors affect perceived threat?

Answer 5

Background variables
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived seriousness
Cues to action

Question 6

In health belief model: what factors affect likelihood of behaviour?

Answer 6

Perceived benefits
Perceived costs/barriers
Perceived threat

Question 7

In health belief model: what factors affect Perceived susceptibility

Answer 7

Background variables

Question 8

In health belief model: what factors affect Perceived seriousness

Answer 8

Background variables

Question 9

In health belief model: Background variables influences what factors

Answer 9

Perceived susceptibility
Perceived seriousness
Perceived threat

Question 10

In health belief model: Perceived seriousness influences what factors

Answer 10

Perceived threat

Question 11

In health belief model: Perceived susceptibility influences what factors

Answer 11

Perceived threat

Question 12

In health belief model: Cues to action influences what factors

Answer 12

Perceived threat

Question 13

In health belief model: Perceived threat influences what factors

Answer 13

Likelihood of behaviour

Question 14

In health belief model: Perceived benefits influences what factors

Answer 14

Likelihood of behaviour

Question 15

In health belief model: Perceived costs/barriers influences what factors

Answer 15

Likelihood of behaviour

Question 16

In Theory of planned behaviour: factors that influence attitude towards the behaviour?

Answer 16

Beliefs about outcome

Evaluation of outcome

Question 17

In Theory of planned behaviour: factors that influence subjective norm?

Answer 17

Beliefs about important others’ attitudes towards behaviour

Question 18

In Theory of planned behaviour: factors that influence perceived behavioural control?

Answer 18

Internal control factors

External control factors

Question 19

In Theory of planned behaviour: factors that influence intention?

Answer 19

perceived behavioural control
subjective norm
attitude towards the behaviour

Question 20

In Theory of planned behaviour: factors that influence behaviour?

Answer 20

perceived behavioural control

intention

Question 21

In Theory of planned behaviour: perceived behavioural control influences what

Answer 21

Intention

Behaviour

Question 22

In Theory of planned behaviour: Beliefs about outcome

influences what

Answer 22

Attitude towards behaviour

Question 23

In Theory of planned behaviour: Evaluation of outcome influences what

Answer 23

Attitude towards behaviour

Question 24

In Theory of planned behaviour: attitude towards behaviour influences what

Answer 24

Intention

Question 25

In Theory of planned behaviour: significant others’ attitudes towards behaviour influences what

Answer 25

Subjective norma

Question 26

What is the premise of the theory of planned behaviour

Answer 26

Behaviour is determined by behavioural intentions- attitude towards the behaviour is based on the expectation value principle.

Question 27

What is the premise of the health belief model

Answer 27

Likelihood of behaviour change is usually determined with perceptions of threat or benefits and costs of changing.

Question 28

What is the premise of the transtheoretical model

Answer 28

Change doesn’t happen in a simple 1 step process.
Occurs in a cyclical process.
Often move back and forth before behaviour becomes permanently changed.

Question 29

What are the 7 stages of the transtheoretical model

Answer 29

Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Relapse or Exit

Question 30

Summarise approaches to modify health behaviour? (5)

Answer 30

• Listen and validate patient’s experience
• Identify and remedy any gaps in knowledge
• Identify cues and reinforcers- modify if possible and plan rewards
• Identify and attempt to modify unhelpful beliefs
• Enhance self-efficacy

Question 31

approaches to modify health behaviour? (5)

Answer 31

• Identify and problem solve barriers to change
• Identify positive, relevant role models
• Encourage social support
• Tailor intervention to individual’s readiness to change
• Motivational interviewing