Health assessment test 2-eyes

Question 1

pupil

Answer 1

round, regular normally (black center portion of eye)

Question 2

Iris

Answer 2

colored portion of eye

Question 3

sclera

Answer 3

tough, protective, white covering

Question 4

palpebral fissure

Answer 4

elliptical open space between the eyelids

Question 5

conjunctiva

Answer 5

transparent protective covering on the exposed part of the eye

Question 6

palpabrae conjunctiva

Answer 6

inside eyelid

Question 7

bulbar conjuntiva

Answer 7

covers sclera

Question 8

eye tests:

inspection of external structures

Answer 8

inspect pupils (are they round? normal size and shape?)
Conjuntiva (are they clear?)
Sclera (white?)

Question 9

pupillary light reflex

Answer 9

watch for pupil to constrict x 4
look for direct and consensual response on the second
documentation: PERRL (Pupils, Equal, Round, React to Light–sometimes A is included for Accomodation)

Question 10

Snellen eye chart

Answer 10

most common; accurate measure of vision

pt. is 20 feet from chart; shield one eye and read smallest line of letters possible

Question 11

Normal visual acuity is …

Answer 11

20/20

Question 12

Numerator indicates the…

Answer 12

distance the person was standing from the chart

Question 13

Denominator indicates the distance…

Answer 13

someone with normal vision could have reaad the same lines; the bigger the denominator, the worse the person’s vision

Question 14

Confrontation test

Answer 14

checks peripheral vision (macular degeneration)
position at eye level about 2 feet away; pt. covers one eye as I micmic; slowly advance a finger from the periphery in several directions; ask pt to say now as target is first seen (periphery field loss, glaucoma in older pts.)

Question 15

extraocular muscles test

Answer 15

cat whisker test
Are there any pausies or weakness? Note any nystagmus (fine, oscillating movement best seen in iris)
This shows if there is deviation in alignment from the eye muscle weakness or paralysis

Question 16

corneal light reflex

Answer 16

indicates if the eyes are straight (parallel alignment of the eye axes; this is the test where you shine a light in the eyes about 12 inches away; note the reflection of light on the corneas; should be in the same spot on both eyes)
Assymmetry of light indicates deviation in alignment from eye muscle weakness or paralysis

Question 17

red reflex

Answer 17

use opthalmascope; begin 10 inches from pt at an angle of about 15 degrees; note the red glow in the pupil (shows cataracts)

Question 18

opthalmic exam

Answer 18

looking inside eye; allows you to see the media (anterior chamber, lens, vitreous) and the ocular fundus (internal surface of the retina); darken room to dialate pupils; test shows any abnormalities

Question 19

anisocoria

Answer 19

difference in size of pupils; if born with, normal; if new, should be assessed

Question 20

cataracts

Answer 20

lens less transparent

Question 21

glaucoma

Answer 21

hypertension of the eyeball; can damage retina due to pressure

Question 22

leukocoria

Answer 22

white pupil;

Question 23

myopia

Answer 23

vision loss; nearsighted

Question 24

presbyopia

Answer 24

decrease in power of accomodation with agine

Question 25

ptosis

Answer 25

eyelids droop

Question 26

nystagmus

Answer 26

eye shakes/oscillates quickly