health assessment study guide (TEACHERS ) Flashcards
What are the gait types mentioned?
Shuffling, Scissors
Gait types are important indicators of musculoskeletal and neurological conditions.
What condition is characterized by episodes of reduced blood flow to the fingers and toes?
Raynaud’s Phenomenon
It often causes discoloration and pain in response to cold or stress.
What term describes insufficient blood flow due to narrowed arteries?
Arterial Insufficiency
It can lead to tissue damage and necrosis.
What are the signs associated with lymphedema?
Rubor
Rubor refers to redness of the skin, often indicating inflammation.
List the three spinal deformities mentioned.
Kyphosis, Lordosis, Scoliosis
These conditions affect the curvature of the spine.
What test is used to assess balance and proprioception?
Romberg test
It evaluates a person’s ability to maintain balance while standing.
What are Bouchard’s Nodes and Heberden’s Nodes associated with?
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis
These nodes are bony enlargements at the joints.
What movements are classified under dorsiflexion?
Dorsiflexion, Inversion, Eversion, Plantar Flexion, Adduction, Flexion, Abduction, Extension
These terms describe various movements of the foot and limbs.
What are the muscle strength grades?
0 to 5 scale
0 indicates no muscle contraction, while 5 indicates full strength.
Identify the lobes of the brain.
Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Hypothalamus
Each lobe has distinct functions related to behavior, sensation, and regulation.
What scale is used to assess the level of consciousness?
Glasgow coma scale
It measures verbal, motor, and eye-opening responses.
What is ataxia?
Lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements
It can affect gait and balance.
What is tandem walking used to assess?
Balance and coordination
It involves walking heel-to-toe in a straight line.
What is the point of maximal impulse (PMI)?
The location on the chest where the heartbeat is most strongly felt
It is typically located at the 5th intercostal space.
List the five landmark sites for heart sounds assessment.
Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb’s Point, Tricuspid, Mitral
These sites correspond to the locations of the heart valves.
What is pulse amplitude?
The strength of the pulse felt at the artery
It can indicate blood flow status.
What is the cardiac conduction system responsible for?
Regulating the heart’s rhythm and rate
It includes structures like the SA node and AV node.
What does S1 and S2 refer to in cardiac assessment?
Heart sounds, commonly described as Lub Dub
S1 corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves, while S2 corresponds to the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves.
Define bradycardia.
Abnormally slow heart rate
Typically defined as a heart rate below 60 beats per minute.
What is bradypnea?
Abnormally slow breathing rate
It can indicate respiratory distress or other health issues.
What is aortic valve murmur?
An abnormal heart sound due to turbulent blood flow through the aortic valve
It can indicate stenosis or regurgitation.
What should be included in a cardiac assessment?
Assessment of heart valves
It is crucial for diagnosing valve disorders.
What is the method for assessing and grading edema?
Pressing on the skin to check for indentation and swelling
Edema can indicate various health issues, including heart failure.
Describe the blood flow of the heart.
From the body to the right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, and out to the body
This cycle is crucial for oxygenating blood.
