Health And Wellness Flashcards
What is health?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well being
What is wellness?
Purposeful and enjoyable living: a deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health
Levels of prevention
Primary: prevent onset of disease by risk reduction
• change behaviours/exposures that lead to disease
• enhance resistance to disease agent exposure
ex: going in for regular tests
Secondary: early detection of disease
• control disease progression
ex: making regular visits to control the disease
Tertiary: treat disease
• if condition is not reversible, focus on rehabilitation
ex: treat disease or go to support groups etc
Treatment, prevention, health promotion
Treatment: reactionary care (downstream approach)
Prevention: measures taken to prevent a disease
Health promotion: enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health (upstream approach)
Examples for educational and ecological health promotion intervention strategies
Educational: teaching, training, counselling
Ecological: organizational, environmental, and political interventions
The difference between upstream and downstream approaches to improving health
Upstream: focus on improving fundamental, social, and economic structures to decrease barriers and improve support
Downstream: focus on providing equitable access to care and services to mitigate the negative impacts of disadvantage
Six dimensions of wellness
- social dimension
• ex: communicating/interacting with others - occupational dimension
• ex: finding enrichment through work - spiritual dimension
• ex: can mean a connection to formal religion or faith - physical dimension
• ex: making healthy food/life choices - intellectual dimension
• ex: being open to new ideas - emotional dimension
• ex: being positive and enthusiastic about oneself
Three criteria of wellness
- purposeful, enjoyable living
- more than freedom from disease
- balancing the many dimensions of life
Illness-wellness continuum
A graphical illustration of how wellbeing includes mental and emotional health, as well as the presence or absence of illness
