Health and Wellness

Question 1

Definition of Health

Answer 1

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well- being, not merely the absence of disease

Question 2

How is the health of the public measured?

Answer 2

• morbidity: how frequently a disease occurs
• mortality: number of deaths resulting from a disease

Question 3

Wellness

Answer 3

an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health

Question 4

Disease

Answer 4

medical term, referring to pathologic changes in the structure or function of the body or mind

Question 5

Illness

Answer 5

the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed level of functioning

Question 6

Stages of illness behavior

Answer 6

Stage 1: experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation

Question 7

Health Equity

Answer 7

attainment of the highest level of health for all people

Question 8

Health disparity

Answer 8

particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

Question 9

Physical Dimension

Answer 9

genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race, and gender

Question 10

Emotional Dimension

Answer 10

how the mind affects body function and responds to body conditions

Question 11

Risk factors for illness and injury

Answer 11

• age
• genetics
• physiologic factors
• health habits
• lifestyle
• environment

Question 12

Primary Prevention

Answer 12

• directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes
• weight loss, diet, exercise, smoking cessation

Question 13

Secondary preventative care

Answer 13

• screening for early detection of disease and prompt diagnosis and treatment
• BP screening, cholesterol screening, STI screening, mammograms, family counseling

Question 14

Tertiary preventative care

Answer 14

• begins after illness is diagnosed and treated, intended to reduce disability and help rehab patients to maximum functionality
• medication, surgery, physical therapy, occupational therapy, job training

Question 15

Health Belief model

Answer 15

• focuses on what people perceive or believe to be true in relation to their health
• influenced by age, sex, personality, culture, knowledge, prior contact with disease
  3 components of perception:
• perceieved susceptibility to disease
• perceived seriousness of disease
• perceived benefits of action

Question 16

Health promotion model

Answer 16

• illustrates how people interact with their environment as they pursue health

Question 17

Health - Illness continuum

Answer 17

• views health as a constantly changing state, with high level wellness and death at opposite ends of a scale
• people adapt to internal and external environment to maintain a state of well being

Question 18

agent - host - environment model

Answer 18

• views the interactions between an external agent, a susceptible host, and the environment as the causes of disease in a person
• factors are constantly interacting and a combination of factors may put person more at risk for developing illness

Question 19

stages of change model

Answer 19

• used widely by counselors addressing many behaviors such as injury prevention, weight loss, overcoming drug + alcohol addictions
• precontemplation: no intention on changing behavior
• contemplation: aware problem exists but with no commitment to action
• preparation: intent on taking action to address problem
• action: active modification of behavior
• maintenance: sustained change, new behavior replaces old
• relapse: fall back to patterns of old behavior