EBP and Informatics Flashcards
Traditional Knowledge
- passed down through generations
(changing bed linens each day)
Authoritative Knowledge
- comes from an expert and is accepted as truth due to perceived expertise
(senior nurse teaching a new grad a more effiecient way of inserting IV catheter)
Scientific Knowledge
- knowledge obtained through scientific method, new ideas are tested systematically
PICOT format for asking questions
P - patient, population, problem
I - intervention
C - comparison
O - outcome
T - time
Deductive Reasoning
method by which one examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas
What is Quantitative Research?
Information the researcher collects from subjects in the study that can be expressed in numbers
Types of Quantitative Research
- Descriptive: describing concepts, identifying relationships
- Correlation: Examine the degree of the relationship between 2 or more variables
- Quasi-Experimental: Examine cause and effect relationship - often conducted in clinical setting
- Experimental: Conducted in a laboratory setting, actual experiment with dependent and independent variables
What is Qualitative Research?
Primarily analyzes words or narratives rather than numbers
Which of the four common concepts in nursing theory did Florence Nightengale emphasize the most?
The environment
Which of the four concepts is the central theme in theoretical frameworks of nursing?
The person receiving the care
What are the four common concepts of Florence Nightengale’s nursing theory?
Person
Health
Environment
Nursing
What are the different levels of the Hierarchy of Evidence?
Level 1: Systematic Review: (considered the highest level of evidence; compilation of all the studies done on a subject - similar results, very predictable)
Level 2: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): (Studies done with experimental and control groups - may be double-blind)
Level 3: Controlled Cohort Studies: All variables are controlled
Level 4: Uncontrolled Cohort Studies: Not all variables are controlled
Level 5: Case Studies, Qualitative and Descriptive studies, QI projects, EBP implementation
Level 6: Expert Opinion: Most biased, least predictable, more subjective
What is included in an abstract?
- Summarizes the entire article and provides the purpose of the study
- Found at the beginning of the article
What is included in the introduction of a research article?
- Review of literature
- Specific purpose of the study (background of the problem being studied)
What is included in the method section of a research article?
- Subject of the study
- Research design
- Data collected
- How the data was analyzed
What is included in the results section of a research article?
- Findings in both words and charts, tables, graphs
What is included in the discussion/conclusion of a research article?
- What the results mean
- Suggestions for further research
- Application to nursing theory or practice
What is included in the references section of a research article?
- List of articles and books used by the researcher
- Found at the end of the article
What are the
Steps of Evidence Based Practice?
Step 0: Cultivate a spirit of inquiry
Step 1: Ask a burning clinical question in PICOT form
Step 2: Search for and collect the most relevant best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: Integrate the best evidence with one’s clinical practice (Implement the change)
Step 5: Evaluate the outcomes of the practice decision or change based on evidence
Step 6: Disseminate the outcomes of the EBP decision or change ➡️ spread the word
What is nursing informatics?
- The combination of Nursing Science, Analytical Sciences, and Information Management
Data ➡️ Information ➡️ Knowledge ➡️ Wisdom
Examples:
Data: A client’s blood pressure and HR
Information: A printout of a client’s history and physical examination
Knowledge: The nurse’s knowledge of a disease
Wisdom: A nurse’s interpretation of a change in the client’s condition
What is an Information Nurse?
- Has an interest in the informatics field
- Is considered a super user
- Has assisted with implementation of the EHR
- Training is primarily on the job
What is an Informatics Nurse Specialist?
- Nurse with formal graduate level education
- Responsible for strategy development, implementation, maintenance, and evaluation of the Clinical Information System (CIS)
What is the
System Development Lifecycle?
- Phase 1: Analyze and Plan
- Phase 2: Design and Develop
- Phase 3: Test
- Phase 4: Train
- Phase 5: Implement
- Phase 6: Maintain
- Phase 7: Evaluate
What does
System Usability
refer to?
- The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals effeciently
- Making systems easy to use, intuitive, and supportive of nurse’s workflow
