Health And Stress

Question 0

Fight or flight response

Answer 0

A response to stress in which the sympathetic nervous system triggers the release of hormones that prepare the body to fight or flee.

Question 1

What is stress?

Answer 1

The physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges a person and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment.

Question 2

Stressors

Answer 2

Stimuli or events capable of producing physical or emotional stress

Question 3

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

Answer 3

Holmes and Rahe’s measure of stress, which ranks 43 life events from most to least stressful and assigns a point value to each.

Question 4

Hassles

Answer 4

Little stressors, including the irritating demands that can occur daily, that may cause more areas than major life changes do.

Question 5

Uplifts

Answer 5

The positive experiences in life, which may neutralize the effects of many hassles.

Question 6

Conflict

Answer 6

This just that arises from knowing that choosing one alternative means forgoing another.

Question 7

Approach-approach conflict

Answer 7

A conflict arising from having to choose between equally desirable alternatives.

Question 8

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

Answer 8

A conflict arising from having to choose between undesirable alternatives.

Question 9

Approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 9

A conflict arising when the same choice has both desirable and undesirable features.

Question 10

Stressors in the workplace

Answer 10

• workload
• clarity of job description
• physical variables
• job status
• accountability
• task variety
• human contact
• physical challenge
• mental challenge

Question 11

Burnout

Answer 11

Luck of energy exhaustion and pessimism that can result from chronic stress

Question 12

PTSD

Answer 12

A prolonged and severe stress reaction to a catastrophic event or to severe, chronic stress

Question 13

Socioeconomic status

Answer 13

A collective term for the economic, occupational and educational factors that influence an individual’s relative position in society

Question 14

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 14

The predictable sequence of reactions (alarm, resistance, and exhaustion stages) that organisms show in response to stress

Question 15

Alarm stage

Answer 15

The first stage of the General adaptation syndrome, in which the person experiences a burst of energy that aids in dealing with the stressful situation

Question 16

Resistance stage

Answer 16

The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome, when there are intense physiological efforts to either resist or adapt to the stressor

Question 17

Exhaustion stage

Answer 17

The third stage of the General adaptation syndrome, which occurs if the organism fails in its efforts To resist the stressor

Question 18

Primary appraisal

Answer 18

A cognitive evaluation of a potentially stressful event to determine whether it’s effect is positive, irrelevant or negative. Developed by Richard Lazarus.

Question 19

Secondary appraisal

Answer 19

A cognitive evaluation of the available resources and options prior to deciding how to deal with the stressor

Question 20

Coping

Answer 20

Efforts through action and thought to deal with the demands that are perceived as taxing or overwhelming

Question 21

Problem-focused coping

Answer 21

A direct response aimed at reducing, modifying or eliminating a source of stress

Question 22

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 22

A response involving reappraisal of a stressor to reduce its emotional impact (eg optimistic reappraisal of stress or ignorance)

Question 23

Proactive coping

Answer 23

Active measures taken in advance of a potentially stressful situation in order to prevent its occurrence or to minimize its consequences

Question 24

Biomedical model

Answer 24

A perspective that explains illness solely in terms of biological factors

Question 25

Biopsychosocial model

Answer 25

A perspective that focuses on health as well as illness and holds that both are determined by a combination of biological, psychological and social factors

Question 26

Health psychology

Answer 26

That subfield within psychology that is concerned with the psychological factors that contribute to health, illness, and recovery

Question 27

Type A behavior pattern

Answer 27

A behavior pattern marked by a sense of time urgency, impatience, excessive competitiveness, hostility and anger; considered as risk factor in coronary heart disease

Question 28

Type B behavior pattern

Answer 28

A behavior pattern marked by a relaxed, easy-going approach to life without the time urgency, impatience and hostility at the type A pattern

Question 29

Type D behavior pattern

Answer 29

A behavior pattern marks by chronic emotional distress combined with the Tendency to suppress negative emotions

Question 30

Lymphocytes

Answer 30

The white blood cells-including B cells and T cells - that are key components of the immune system

Question 31

Psychoneuroimmunology

Answer 31

A field in which psychologists, biologists, and medical researchers combine their expertise to study the effects of psychological factors on the immune system

Question 32

Hardiness

Answer 32

A combination of three psychological qualities- commitment, control, and challenge- shared by people who can handle high levels of stress and remain healthy

Question 33

Personal factors reducing the impact of stress and illness

Answer 33

Optimism
Hardiness
Religious involvement
Social support