health and hygiene

Question 1

what is the definition of health

Answer 1

Health is referred to as the state of
mental, physical, and psychological
well-being of an individual.

Question 2

what is the definition of disease

Answer 2

The disease is the condition of
abnormal dysfunctioning of the
mental and physical states thus,
leading to illness in a particular
individual and does not take into
account the society or community

Question 3

what is influenza caused by

Answer 3

myxovirues

Question 4

what is the causative agent for measles

Answer 4

rubella viruses

Question 5

what disease is caused by barbo viruses and hat is its vector

Answer 5

dengue and aedes agypti

Question 6

what are causative agents

Answer 6

Pathogens
are organisms that can cause disease.
The different types of pathogens and the
severity of the diseases that they cause
are very diverse

Question 7

what are vectors

Answer 7

disease vector is any living
an agent that carries and transmits an
infectious pathogen to another living
organism

Question 8

what is the fullform of HIV and what disease does it cause

Answer 8

human immunodeficiency disease causes AIDS-auto immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 9

what is the disease and vector caused by a protozoan?

Answer 9

protozoan-plasmodium
malaria
female anopheles

Question 10

what is dengue caused by and what are its vectors?

Answer 10

barbo viruses and aedes agypti

Question 11

what is the disease caused by aedes msquito and what is its causative agent?

Answer 11

chikungunya and alpha viruses

Question 12

what is a vaccination?

Answer 12

-vaccination is a method of making the body immune to a particular disease.it is the administration of a vaccine to stimulate a person’s immune system to develop immunity against disease-causing organism.

Question 13

what is immunisation?

Answer 13

immunisation is the process by which a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of vaccines.

Question 14

what are the body’s defence mechanisms to resist and overcome infection?

Answer 14

-the skin acts as a barrier to entry of microorganisms
-hair present in the nose and mucous secreted in the nose also prevent the entry of dust and microorganisms
-the acid HCL present in the stomach kills the microorganisms which enter the body.Saliva contains an enzyme, lysozye which kills the germs that enter the body along with food.tears also contain this enzyme which help killing the germs that enter our body throgh the eyes
-when an infectious agent enters the body white blood cells gather at the point of attack and destroy the microbes by engulfing them
-the immune system produces antibodies to destroy foreign bodies from entering our body

Question 15

what are antigens

Answer 15

-also known as immunogens include substances toxins germs or virules that trigger our body to fight.
-Antigens stimulate immunal response
-Epitope is the part of the antigen where the antibody attaches itself

Question 16

what are the three main types of immunity?

Answer 16

-physiological
-physical
-cellular

Question 17

what are virulences?

Answer 17

they determine how infectious a virus is
for vaccines the amount off virulences is reduced and administered

Question 18

what is acquired immunity?

Answer 18

acquired immunity is the immunity you develop over a lifetime.it can come from:
-a vaccine
-exposure to an infectious disease
-another person’s antibodies

Question 19

what is humoral immunity?

Answer 19

humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies.it shows a quick response against pathogens.it is the defense mechanism against extracellular microbe trying to invade the host system. The antibodies produced by the B-cells bind the antigens and neutralize the microbes.

Question 20

What is cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 20

Cell-mediated immunity is facilitated by the T-helper and cytotoxic cells. Cytokines secreted by T-helper cells cells activate phagocytic cells, which phagocytose the pathogens and kill them.