Health and Fitness

Question 1

Define health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing and not merely this absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Define fitness

Answer 2

The ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment

Question 3

How does exercise benefit your physical health

Answer 3

• improving heart function and efficiency of body systems
• helps avoid obesity
• reduces chance of injury
• increasing ability to do everyday tasks (eg. flexibility)

Question 4

How does exercise affect your Mental health

Answer 4

• reduction in levels of stress
• release of feel-good hormones such as Serotonin
• helps with the ability to control emotions

Question 5

How does exercise affect social health

Answer 5

• increased opportunities to socialise and make friends
• opportunities to be involved with teamwork and cooperation
• helps to ensure you have the essential human needs of food, shelter, and clothing

Question 6

Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle

Answer 6

• weight gain and obesity
• hypertension
• increased rate of heart disease
• increased risk of contracting diabetes
• poor self-esteem
• increased lethargy
• poor sleep

Question 7

Characteristics of an ectomorph

Answer 7

• narrow shoulders and hips

- tall, thin, delicate build and lightly muscled

Question 8

Characteristics of a mesomorph

Answer 8

• wide shoulders and narrow hips

- muscular, athletic build with very little body fat

Question 9

Characteristics of an endomorph

Answer 9

• pear shaped body with wide hips and narrow shoulders

- Have trouble losing weight but can gain muscle

Question 10

How does obesity affect components of fitness/performance in physical activity

Answer 10

• limits cardio-vascular endurance, flexibility, agility, speed, power

Question 11

How does obesity affect physical factors

Answer 11

• increased chances of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, heart attacks, high cholesterol

Question 12

How does obesity affect mental factors

Answer 12

• causes general ill health, increased chance of depression, loss of confidence

Question 13

How does obesity affect social factors

Answer 13

• inability to socialise, or even leave home

Question 14

what is a balanced diet !!

Answer 14

eating the right amount of calories according to how much you exercise and eating different food types to provide suitable nutrients

Question 15

What are minerals !!

Answer 15

inorganic substances that assist the body with many of its functions such as bone and connective tissue formation

Question 16

what role do carbohydrates play in the body !!

Answer 16

The main and preferred energy source for the body for all types and intensities of exercise

Question 17

WHY IS A BALANCED DIET NEEDED

Answer 17

• unused energy is stored as fat which can lead to obesity
• suitable energy can be available for activity
• the body needs nutrients for energy, growth and hydration

Question 18

Why is protein needed in the body !!

Answer 18

They are used for the growth and repair of muscle tissue

Question 19

What percentage of each food group do you need for a balanced diet

Answer 19

Carbohydrates - 55-60%
Fats - 25-30%
Proteins - 15-20%

Question 20

What are vitamins !!

Answer 20

Organic substances that are required for many essential functions in the body and general health

Question 21

Why are fats used in the body !!

Answer 21

They are a source of energy at low intensity and insulation

Question 22

what is hydration

Answer 22

having enough water to enable normal functioning of the body

Question 23

Reasons for maintaining hydration

Answer 23

• blood thickening(increased viscosity), slowing it down
• increased HR
• increase in body temp/overheating
• slower reaction time
• onset of muscle fatigue or cramps

Question 24

What is dehydration

Answer 24

Excessive loss of body water interrupting the functions of the body

Question 25

what is obesity

Answer 25

a term used to describe people with a a large fat content, caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure

Question 26

INTRO TO A DIET NINE MARKER

Answer 26

there is no single food that contains all the nutrients the body needs. A balanced diet contains lots of different types of food to provide the suitable nutrients, vitamins and minerals required.