Health and Disease Flashcards
Define aetiology
Cause of disease
Define pathogenesis
How the disease develops and progresses
Define signs versus symptoms
Signs - what the doctor sees
Symptoms - what the patient feels and tells you
Define diagnosis
Defining the nature and cause of disease or injury
Define prognosis
A prediction of the probable outcome of the disease or injury
Classification of disease (mnemonic )
GUD DIC
G - growth disorders e.g. cancer
U - unnatural (trauma, iatrogenic etc)
D - degenerative
D - developmental
I - inflammation
C - circulatory
WHO’s definition of health
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”
Takes into accountpublic, physical, mental, emotional, social, sexual and reproductive, spiritual
Basic health requirements
clean water sewers and treatment plants healthy and adequate diet food hygiene personal hygiene affluence
Describe the study of pathology
The study of disease
- causes
- development
- progression
- appearances
- explains presentation
- rationale for treatment
Effect of disease and poor health
ill health and death pain and suffering disability, loss of function anxiety loss of employment social and economic costs
Define lesions
Lesion - “the abnormality”
- macroscopic = naked eye
- microscopic = with magnification
- biochemical = at chemical level
- pathophysiological = functional
What is the natural history of a disease?
The natural history of disease is the course a disease takes in individual people from its pathological onset (“inception”) until its eventual resolution through complete recovery or death. The inception of a disease is not a firmly defined concept.
