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health 110 test 2 disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Mental Illness Defined..

A

.
“alterations in thinking, mood, or behaviour (or a combination of these) associated with significant distress, dysfunction, and impaired functioning

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2
Q

endogenous

A

biochemical origin

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3
Q

exogenous

A

external event

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4
Q

categories of mental health disorders

A

Mood Disorders
◦ Clinical Depression ◦ Bipolar Disorder
◦ SAD

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5
Q

clinical depression

A

caused by environmental conditions

  • excoginogist-trauma is the cause - external event
  • biochemical imbalance in neurotransmitters-genetic or substance use(chicken or the egg)
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6
Q

symptoms

A
  • fatigue
  • sleep- too much or insomnia
  • loss of appetite
  • libido loss
  • loss of activity or too much
  • nonspecific pain
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7
Q

who is more at risk of depression?

A
  • minorities
  • women
  • seniors
  • people with chronic illness
  • teenagers
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8
Q

how to diagnose it?

A

5 or more symptoms for 2 or more weeks

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9
Q

treatment

A
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10
Q

exogenous vs endogenous

A
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11
Q

Substance Use and Depression

A

• Strong relationship between substance use
and depression
• Alcohol
• Depressive symptoms common in withdrawal
from substance use eg. cocaine, crystal meth
• When brain is repairing itself from damage of
alcohol or drug use, often symptoms of depression are experienced

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12
Q

seasonal effective disorder

A

Causes

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13
Q

anxiety disorders

A

isorders characterized by persistent feelings of threat and anxiety in coping with everyday problems.
Major types:

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14
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

Excessive worry and anxiety which interferes with daily life

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15
Q

social anxiety

A

Excessive fear of embarrassment/humiliation or being evaluated negatively by other people

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16
Q

PTSD

A

Potential reaction to severe trauma

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17
Q

obsessive compulsive disorder

A

Obsessions – unwanted ideas, thoughts, images, impulses that occur over and over again and create discomfort or distress (anxiety, guilt, shame)

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18
Q

panic disorder

A

In a spontaneous panic attack, your body goes through exactly the same physiological fight/flight reaction that it does in a truly life-threatening situation.
Symptoms:

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19
Q

schizophrenia

A

Biological brain disease

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20
Q

anorexia

A

Fear of weight gain

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21
Q

bulimia

A

Eating a lot of food in a short period of time

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22
Q

binge-eating disorder

A

Eatalotoffoodinashortperiodoftimeona regular basis

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23
Q

psychosis

A

Delusions & hallucinations

24
Q

addiction

A

• “A persistent, compulsive dependence on a behaviour or substance”.
• Generally, when addiction is present: – Academic or work performance declines – Relationships deteriorate
– Financial hardships develop
– Negative effects on physical and mental health

25
Look for at least 3 of these behaviours:
* Excessive use of a substance or behaviour over a longer period than intended * A persistent desire,unsuccessful effort to cut down * Spends great deal of time getting or using the substance * Frequently too intoxicated to fulfill major obligations * Gives up regular activities to use substance * Develops physical tolerance * Exhibits withdrawal when not using * Uses substance to relieve or avoid withdrawal
26
physiology of addiction
Biochemicalmessengers:neurotransmitters • Dopamine–thebrain’srewardsystem • Addicts’brainsshowdifferencesfrompeople with no addictions – Changes in gene expression – Changes within and between parts of the brain – Levels of neurotransmitters and receptors (esp. dopamine) • Thesechangescanoccurasaresultofaddiction or have been there all along.
27
which came first?
Dosomepeopledevelopaddictionbecause they have “reward deficiency syndrome” (decreased dopamine) OR: • Dopeoplewithaddictionhavelowdopamine because they have “burned out” their pleasure centers?
28
the 5 C's
Achronicprogressivediseasecharacterizedby the following physical and psychological symptoms: • Craving • Compulsion • Loss of Control • Continued use despite consequences, and • Chronic use
29
canadas low risk drinking guidelines
* Reducelong-termhealthrisksbydrinkingnomore than 10 drinks a week for women or 15 drinks per week for men and avoid drinking on some days each week. * Reduceriskofinjuryandharmbydrinkingnomore than 3 drinks (for women) or 4 drinks (for men) on any single occasion. * Donotdrinkinsituationswhereanyimpairment reduces ability to function (eg. When driving) * Childrenandyouthshoulddelaydrinkinguntillate teens, and never drink more than 2 drinks (for girls) and 3 drinks (for boys).
30
b inge drinking
5 or more for males • 4 or more for females • A binge is a pattern of drinking alcohol that brings BAC concentration to .08 or above in about 2 hours. • The express purpose of binge drinking is to become intoxicated.
31
BAC
BAC: ratio of alcohol to total blood volume. • People can acquire physiological and psychological tolerance to the effects of alcohol • Depends on: – Amount consumed in a given time – The drinker’s size, sex, body build and metabolism – The type and amount of food in the stomach
32
carbonation in drinks
Carbonation in the alcoholic beverage or mixed with the alcohol beverage increases BAC significantly. • CO2 speeds the alcohol through the stomach and intestine into the blood stream, causing a rapid rise in BAC
33
angina
chest pain-possible blockage in the heart - pain down arm - jaw,neck and upper shoulder pain
34
two types of angina
stable-pretictable symtoms-during physical activity -stress,anxious or emotional ---control with medication unstable-unpredictable-may happen out of the blue-not managed with meds-lasts 10 to 20min
35
cardiovascular disease
umbrella term | -functioning of the heart-blockage-tissue not getting enough o2
36
atherosclerosis
narrowing or hardening of arteries loss of elasticity plaque age relatedProgressivecondition– - results in loss of elasticity
37
hyprtension
Chronic high blood pressure
38
coronary artery disease
Myocardial Infarction (MI): blocked/severely restricted blood flow
39
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
blocked/severely restricted blood flow
40
warning signs of a MI
Chestpain:pressure,squeezing,fullnessorpain, burning, heaviness
41
congestive heart failure
Heart muscle is damaged/overworked
42
stroke
CerebralVascularAccident(CVA)
43
is it a stroke?
face arm speech time
44
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for CVD
genes age gender
45
Major, Modifiable Risk Factors for CVD
cholesterol physical inactivity smoking hypertension
46
minor modifiable risk factors for CVD
diabetes obesity stress
47
diabetes
Insulin: hormone produced by the pancreas which helps glucose get into the cells where it is converted into energy
48
why is type 2 diabetes increasing?
The population is aging
49
type 1 vs type 2
Type I Diabetes Results from β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency 5-10% of all cases Formerly called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile onset diabetes Type II Diabetes Results from progressive insulin secretory defect on background of insulin resistance 90-95% of all cases Formerly called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset
50
secondary complications of diabetes
heart disease, stroke
51
signs and symptoms of diabetes
Increasedthirstandurination
52
signs of hypoglycaemia
Shaky
53
management of diabetes
Type1
54
exercise and type 2 diabetes
regularexerciseimprovessensitivitytoinsulin→ improved control of plasma glucose
55
what is cancer?
Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
56
what causes cancer?
External factors:

health 110 (7 decks)

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