Head to Toe Flashcards
How to perform a Head/Face Assessment
-Inspect the head & face
-Palpate the scalp & temporal artery
-Palpate the TMJ
-Test CN 5; palpate temporalis & masseter muscles & test soft/dull sense
-Test CN 7; Smile, puff out cheeks, raise eyebrows, show teeth
How to perform Eye Assessment (Inspection)
-Inspect eyes, ability to close eyes, swelling
-Inspect conjunctiva & sclera
-Inspect iris & pupils
How to perform Eye Assessment (Exam)
-Visual acuity (snellen or jaeger)
-CnN 3, 4, & 6; confrontation test, 6 cardinal positions of gaze, accommodation test
-pupillary reaction to light (TURN LIGHT OFF)
How to perform Ear Assessment
-Inspect size, alignment w/cornea, & for lesions
-Palpate external ear & mastoid process
-Test CN 8; Whisper test
-Weber test; diminished hearing
-Rinne test; Air vs bone conduction
-Romberg test; balance
How to perform Nose Assessment
-Inspect internal nose (turbinate/septum)
-Palpate nose & maxillary/frontal sinuses
-Test CN 1; Identify smell
How to perform Mouth & Throat Assessment
-Inspect the lips, teeth & gums
-Inspect Stenson & Wharton ducts
-Inspect the tongue, hard/soft palate
-Inspect & grade the tonsils
-Test CN 9 & 10; patient says “ah” while pressing tongue & testing the gag reflex
-Test CN 12; Protrude tongue against cheek for resistance
How to perform a Neck Assessment
-Inspect the neck for symmetry
-Inspect the neck for jugular vein distention
-Palpate the lymph nodes
-Palpate carotid pulse
-Auscultate for carotid bruit
-Test ROM
-Palpate the trachea
-Test CN 11; shrug shoulders against resistance
How to perform Heart Assessment
-Inspect precordium for heaves
-Palpate aortic, pulmonic, erb’s point, tricuspid, & mitral for thrills
-Auscultate for heart sounds
How to perform Peripheral Vascular (Arms)
-Inspect arms for symmetry or edema
-Palpate fingers, hands for temperature
-Inspect fingers for clubbing & test capillary refill
-Palpate radial pulse
How to perform Thorax Assessment (Posterior)
-Inspect the scapula & symmetry of scapula & shoulders
-Identify C7
-Palpate posterior chest for tenderness
-Palpate for tactile fremitus; say “99”
-Percuss lungs for resonance
-Auscultate for breath sounds
How to perform Thorax Assessment (Anterior)
-Inspect AP diameter w/ratio of 1:2
-Inspect downward slope of ribs & check RR
-Palpate for tenderness
-Percuss; dullness over breast tissue & flatness over bone
-Auscultate breath sounds
How to perform Abdomen Assessment
-Inspect surface of skin, flat/round
-Inspect umbilicus & pulsations
-Auscultate for bowel sounds
-Percuss abdomen; tympany & dullness over liver & spleen
-Perform palpation
How to perform Peripheral Vascular (Legs)
-Inspect the legs for hair & lesions
-Palpate for temperature & edema
-Inspect toes & capillary refill
-Palpate dorsal pedis & posterior tibial pulse
