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Health Assessment > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

Neurologic, Musculoskeletal, & Female/Male Genitalia (72 cards)

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1
Q

Function of the Frontal Lobe

A

-Controls communication (talking/walking)

-Judgement

-Reasoning

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2
Q

Function of the Parietal Lobe

A

Tactile sensation (Pain, temperature, & shape)

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3
Q

Function of the Occipital Lobe

A

Ability to read with understanding

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4
Q

Function of the Temporal Lobe

A

Interprets impulses to the ear; interprets auditory stimuli

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5
Q

Name & Function of CN I

A

Olfactory; sense of smell

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6
Q

Name & Function of CN II

A

Optic; Visual impulses to brain

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7
Q

Name & Function of CN III

A

Oculomotor; Eye movement (Constriction of pupils)

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8
Q

Name & Function of CN IV

A

Trochlear; Extraoccular eye movements

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9
Q

Name & Function of CN V

A

Trigeminal; Controls impulses of pain, temperature, & pain to the brain

-Controls jaw movements (chewing, biting)

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10
Q

Name & Function of CN VI

A

Abducens; Controls lateral eye movements

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11
Q

Name & Function of CN VII

A

Facial; Stimulates salvia & tears

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12
Q

Name & Function of CN VIII

A

Acoustic, vestibulocochlea; Hearing & balance

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13
Q

Name & Function of CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal; Gag reflex

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14
Q

Name & Function of CN X

A

Vagus; Swallowing, talking, production of digestive juices

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15
Q

Name & Function of CN XI

A

Spinal accessory; Promotes movement of shoulder & head rotation

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16
Q

Name & Function of CN XII

A

Hypoglossal; Controls tongue movements

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17
Q

Function of cerebellum

A

-Coordination
-Voluntary movements
-Maintains balance
-Maintains muscle tone

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18
Q

Special Considerations of Infants (Mental)

A

-Emotional and cognitive function are not completely developed at birth

-Attention span increases

-Mental disorders may develop between 2-8 years old (ADHD, ADD, Anxiety, Depression, Behavioral patterns)

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19
Q

Special Considerations of Aging Adults (Mental)

A

-No decrease in general knowledge or vocabulary

-Response time decreases

-Recent memory may have slight decrease; remote memory intact

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20
Q

Why is the CAGE assessments & what do the questions include?

A

Four questions to assess alcohol dependence

  1. Cut down on your drinking
  2. Annoyed by people asking about your drinking
  3. Guilty about drinking
  4. Eye-opener in the morning to relieve shakes
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21
Q

What does an 8 or more AUDIT score indicate?

A

Hazardous and harmful alcohol use; possible alcohol dependence

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22
Q

What does a 10 or less indicate on a Glasgow scale?

A

Emergency treatment

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23
Q

What does a 7 or less indicate on a Glasgow scale?

A

Coma

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24
Q

Order of LOC assessment?

A
  1. Call patient’s name
  2. Call name louder
  3. Shake patient gently
  4. Apply painful stimuli
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25
Test CN I (Olfactory) & Abnormal finding
-Occlude one nostril & identify scented smell Abnormal: Inability to smell (neurogenic anosmia) or lesion/tumor of frontal lobe
26
Test CN II (optic) & Abnormal finding
-Use Snellen or Jaeger chart Abnormal: Inability to read Snellen chat or holds newpaper further or father (presbyopia) 14in
27
Assess CN III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), and VI (abducens) & Abnormal finding
-Assess margins of the eyes, extraoccular movements & pupillary reaction Abnormal: Ptosis (drooping of the eyelid) seen in gravis Limited eye movement through the six cardinal fields of gaze: increased intracranial pressure Dilated pupil (6–7 mm): oculomotor nerve paralysis
28
Assess CN V (trigeminal) & Abnormal finding
-Clench teeth while palpating TMJ -Test sensory function using sharp & dull stimuli -Test corneal reflex; Touch cornea w/cotton swab Abnormal: Unilateral muscle weakness, lesion, or asymmetric strength
29
Test CN VII (facial) & Abnormal finding
Test motor function: Smile, frown, push cheeks, raise eyebrows, etc Abnormal: Inability to perform actions may indicate Bell palsy or stroke
30
Test CN VIII (acoustic/vestibulocochlear) & Abnormal finding
-Perform Weber & Romberg test Abnormal: Sensorineural loss
31
Test CN IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus) & Abnormal finding
-Patient says "Ah" & compress patients tongue, test gag reflex & ability to swallow Abnormal: Soft palate doesn't rise or unilateral rising of soft palate w/deviation of uvula (CN X) Absent gag reflex (IX) Difficulty swallowing
32
Test CN XI (spinal accessory) & Abnormal finding
-Shrug & turn head against resistance Abnormal: Asymmetric movement of shoulders indicates paralysis. Atrophy w/peripheral nerve disease
33
Test CN XII (hypoglossal) & Abnormal finding
-Protrude tongue Abnormal: Peripheral nerve disease
34
Special Considerations Older Adults (Musculoskeletal)
-Decrease bone density; Risk for bone fractures -Osteoporosis is common -Decreased reflex, slower movements, decreased tendon elasticity -Impaired sense of position; Risk for falls -Exaggerated thoracic curve (kyphosis) is common
35
Special Considerations of Pregnancy (Musculoskeletal)
-Exaggerated lumbar curve (lordosis)
36
Characteristics of Osteoarthritis
-Pain begins in joints or one side of body improving w/ rest & worsening w/rainy whether & joint stiffness in the morning
37
Diet high in purine (sardines, meat, liver) increases the risk for what?
Gouty arthritis
38
How to perform Lasegue Test or Straight leg Raising?
Patient raises relaxed leg independently to point of pain & at point of pain nurse dorsiflexes foot
39
What does the Straight leg test for?
Herniated nucleus pulposus
40
Perform the Squeeze test
Squeeze patients knuckle joints
41
What does extreme pain indicate during a Squeeze test?
Rheumatoid arthritis or Psoriatic arthritis of the hand
42
Four tests for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
-Phalen test -Tinel sign -Flick Signal -Thumb weakness
43
How to perform Phalen test?
Place fingers against each other while flexing wrists 90 degrees pointed downward. Hold position for 60 sec
44
What does a Postive Phalen test indicate?
Tingling, numbness, burning or pain= CTS
45
How to perform Tinel Sign?
Percuss over median nerve (inner aspect of wrist)
46
Positive Tinel Sign
Tingling or shocking sensation
47
How to perform Flick signal?
Ask patient “What do you do when your symptoms are worse?”
48
Positive Flick signal
Patient shakes wrist when asked question
49
How to test for Thumb Weakness
Have patient raise their thumb from the palm & stretch to pinkie
50
How is palpate osteoarthritis?
Hard, painless nodules may be seen over the distal interphalangeal joints (Heberden nodes)
51
What is a Dupuytren contracture?
Inability to extend the ring & little finger
52
S/S of fractured hip
Inability to stand, Instability, & deformed hip area
53
S/S of Hip inflammation
Tenderness, edema, decreased ROM & crepitus
54
Definition of Genu Valgum
Knees turn inward (Knock knees)
55
Definition of Genu Varum
Knees turn out (bower legs)
56
Perform the Bulge Test
While patient in supine, use palm of your hands to firmly stroke the medial side of knees upward 3-4 times
57
Perform the Ballottement Test
Firmly press nondominant hand & index finger on each side of patella. Use dominant hand to push patella down onto femur
58
Positive Ballottement Test
Fluid wave or click palpated. Indicates meniscal tears
59
ROM of Knees
-Hyperextension -Extension -Flexion
60
ROM for Toes & Ankles
-Inversion -Eversion -Dorsiflexion -Plantar flexion
61
Signs of Corns
Painful thickening of the skin over bony prominences & pressure points
62
What is Boutonnière deformity
Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint
63
What is Swan-neck deformity
Hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joint with flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint
64
Definition of Pes Cavus
Feet w/ high arches
65
Definition of Pes Planus
No arches, Flat feet
66
Special Considerations Female Genitalia (Pregnant Women)
-Hemorrhoids -Walls of vagina appear cyanosis or violet due to hyperemia -Hegar sign: Sthmus of the uterus feels softer and is more easily compressed between two hands
67
Special Considerations Female Genitalia (Older adults)
-Susceptible to vaginal infection due to atrophy -Decreased estrogen -Urinary incontinue -Thin, graying pubic hair -Cervic appears pale after menopause
68
Patient education regarding HPV
-USE PROTECTION -Avoid sex at early age & multiple partners -AVOID high risk sexual activities -Peform Pap smear every three years for ages 21 & older
69
Definition of Pediculosis Pubis
Pubic lice or "Crabs" -Lice or eggs at base of pubic hair
70
Definition of Trichomoniasis
-Yellowish-green discharge, frothy, & foul smelling -Itching & urinary frequency -Red & swollen labia -pH >4.5
71
Definition of Candidal Vaginitis
-Thick, White, Cheesy discharge -Swollen & red labia Cause: Yeast infection
72
Special Considerations for Male Genitalia (Older adults)
-Scrotum enlargement -Pubic hair may be gray & sparse -Scrotal sac tends to droop -Erectile dysfunction increases

Health Assessment (5 decks)

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