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bds 2 & 3 anatomy > head & neck bones > Flashcards

head & neck bones Flashcards

1
Q

pneumatised bones

A

frontal, temporal, sphenoid & ethmoid

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2
Q

flat smooth bones form by

A

intramembranous ossification

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3
Q

irregular bones form by

A

endochondral ossification

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4
Q

parts of the skull and how many bones

A

neurocranium & viscerocranium with a total of 22 bones

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5
Q

name neurocranium bones

A

8 bones
frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid & occipital along with 2 sets of bilateral -
temporal & parietal

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6
Q

name viscerocranium bones

A

15 irregular bones
3 singular midline bones = ethmoid, vomer & mandible
6 sets of bilateral paired bones = nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic, palatine, maxillae & inferior nasal conchae

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7
Q

tell me about temporal fossa

A

superior & posterior borders: Superior & inferior temporal lines

anterior border: Frontal process of zygomatic bone & zygomatic process of frontal bone

inferior border: Infratemporal crest deep to zygomatic arch

floor: Includes pterion

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8
Q

what is pterion

A

H-shaped junction of sutures
frontal
parietal
temporal
greater wing of sphenoid bone

overlies anterior branch of middle meningeal artery

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9
Q

what is calvaria

A

4 flat bones (2x parietal, single frontal & occipital) fused by the coronal, sagittal & lambdoid sutures

contains granular foveae that has arachnoid granulations = return CSF to the venous circulation

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10
Q

name exit points of CNV divisions

A

supra-orbital notch and infra-orbital foramen
mental foramen

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11
Q

bones that make up cranial base (inferior external view)

A

vomer
palatine bone
greater wing of sphenoid bone
medial and lateral plate of pterygoid process
temporal bone
occipital bone
pterygoid process

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12
Q

what exits foramen ovale

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal V3

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13
Q

what exits foramen rotundum

A

maxillary branch of trigeminal V2

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14
Q

what exits foramen spinous

A

meningeal artery and vein
meningeal branch of V3

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15
Q

what exits jugular foramen

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory nerves

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16
Q

what exits incisive fossa

A

nas-palatine nerve

17
Q

palatine bone

A

has horizontal plate and pyramidal process

greater and lesser palatine foramina

18
Q

anterior and middle cranial fossa is divided by

A

sphenoid crest

19
Q

middle and posterior cranial fossa is divided by

A

superior border of petrous temporal bone

20
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A

frontal, ethmoid & sphenoid bones
shallowest part of cranial base
occupied by frontal lobes

olfactory bulbs (CN I) receive nerve fibres from the nasal cavity via the foramina of the cribriform plate (olfaction)
cribriform plate fractures can present with CSF rhinorrhoea = CFS liquid coming out of nose

21
Q

middle cranial fossa

A

sphenoid & temporal bones
occupied by temporal lobes

the pituitary gland lies in the hypophyseal (pituitary) fossa (deepest part of sella turcica)

22
Q

posterior cranial fossa

A

sphenoid, occipital & temporal bones
occupied by the cerebellum & brainstem

contains foramen magnum = medulla oblongata exiting it = the brainstem

23
Q

infratemporal fossa

A

Laterally: Ramus of the mandible
Medially: Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Anteriorly: Posterior aspect of maxilla
Posteriorly: Tympanic plate, mastoid & styloid processes
Superiorly: Infratemporal crest of sphenoid bone
Inferiorly: Angle of the mandible

24
Q

pterygopalatine fossa

A

lies just lateral to the upper aspect of the nasal cavity & nasopharynx behind the orbit & above the hard/soft palate

Sphenopalatine foramen lies in medial wall of pterygopalatine fossa between maxilla and lateral pterygoid plate

25
Q

what exits foramen lacerum

A

deep petrosal nerve and meningeal arterial branches and small veins

26
Q

what exits jugular foramen

A

CN IX, X and XI

27
Q

atlas C1

A

has no body

28
Q

atlanto-occipital joint

A

flexion and extension

29
Q

lateral atlanto-axial joint

A

rotation of head (side to side)

bds 2 & 3 anatomy (7 decks)

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