Head & Neck Flashcards
Mylohyoid
O: mylohyoid line of mandible
I: body of hyoid bone and mylohyoid raphe
N: mylohyoid nerve (branch of inferior alveolar nerve of CN V3)
A: raises hyoid bone and tongue for swallowing; depresses the mandible when the hyoid bone is fixed
Geniohyoid
O: inferior mental spine of mandible and symphysis menti
I: body of hyoid bone
N: C1 via the hypoglossal nerve
A: elevation and protraction of hyoid bone; assists in depressing mandible
Stylohyoid
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: body of hyoid bone
N: facial nerve (CN VII)
A: draws hyoid bone upward and backward in swallowing; assists in depression of the mandible
Digastric
O: posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone; anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
I: intermediate tendon and from there to hyoid bone via a fibrous sling
N: anterior belly: mylohyoid nerve (branch of inferior alveolar nerve of CN V3); posterior belly: facial nerve (CN VII)
A: mandibular depression, elevation of hyoid bone in swallowing; anterior belly draws hyoid forward; posterior belly draws hyoid backward
Sternohyoid
O: manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle; sternoclavicular ligament
I: body of hyoid bone
N: C1-C3 via branches of ansa cervicalis, hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
A: depresses hyoid bone after swallowing
Sternothyroid
O: posterior border of manubrium of sternum; costal cartilage of rib 1
I: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
N: C1-C3 via branches of ansa cervicalis
A: depression of hyoid, mandible and tongue (after elevation); draws larynx down after swallowing vocalization
Thyrohyoid
O: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
I: inferior border of greater horn of hyoid bone
N: branches of C1 and hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
A: draws hyoid bone downward and elevates the larynx and thyroid cartilage, cervical flexion
Inferior Belly of Omohyoid
O: superior border of scapula near supra scapular notch and superior transverse ligament
I: intermediate tendon of omohyoid under sternoclydomastoid and clavicle by fibrous expansion
N: hypoglossal (XII) (ansa cervicalis) via C1 (branches from ansa cervicalis) and C2-C3 cervical nerves
A: depression of hyoid after elevation; cervical flexion
Superior Belly of Omohyoid
O: intermediate tendon of omohyoid
I: inferior border of body of hyoid bone
N: hypoglossal (XII) (ansa cervicalis) via C1 (branches from ansa cervicalis) and C2-C3 cervical nerves
A: depression of hyoid after elevation; cervical flexion
Longus Colli (Longus Cervicis) - superior oblique portion
O: AT of TP C3-C5
I: tubercle on anterior arch of atlas
N: vental rami C2-C6
A: cervical flexion (weak)
Longus Colli (Longus Cervicis) - inferior oblique portion
O: Anterior surface of bodies of C2-C3
I: AT of TP C5-C6
N: vental rami C2-C6
A: cervical flexion (weak), cervical rotation to opposite side
Longus Colli (Longus Cervicis) - vertical portion
O: anterior surface of bodies of C4-C7 and T1-T3
I: anterior surface of bodies C2-C4
N: vental rami C2-C6
A: cervical flexion (weak)
Longus Capitis
O: TP C3-C6
I: inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone
I: ventral rami C1-C3
A: capital flexion; rotation of head to same side
Rectus Capitis Anterior
Inferior: anterior surface of atlas
Superior: inferior surface of baislar part of occipital bone
I: ventral rami C1-C2
A: capital flexion; stabilizes atlanto-occipital joint
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Inferior: TP C1
Superior: inferior surface jugular process on occipital bone
I: ventral rami C1-C2
A: lateral bending head to same side; capital flexion; assist with head rotation, stabilize atlanto-occipital joint
Frontalis
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
On forehead
Elevate eyebrows & produces wrinkles in the forehead
Orbicularis Oris
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Around the lips
Sphincter of mouth
Closes lips (whistling), protrudes them - plays a role in articulation & mastication
Depressor Anguli Oris
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Below lips at corner
Depresses the corners of the mouth
Levator Anguli Oris
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Above lips at corner
Elevates corner of mouth (sneering/elvis)
Zygomaticus Major
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Attaches to zygomatic bone & corners of mouth
Draws the angle of the mouth superolaterally (smiling)
Levator Labii Superioris
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Above lip by nose
Elevates the upper lip
Mentalis
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Chin to lower lip
Raises the skin of the chin (pouting)
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Lower lip & down
Draws the lower lip inferiorly and slightly laterally
Risorius
Facial Expressions - Facial Nerve (CN VII)
From corners of mouth laterally
Draws corners of the mouth laterally (grinning)
