Head & neck

Question 1

What are the common symptoms in head and neck cases?

Answer 1

Sore throat
Dysphonia
Dysphagia
Odynophagia
Ulcers
Neck lumps

Question 2

Name parts of pharynx

Answer 2

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 3

name the parts of the larynx

Answer 3

Supraglottis
Glottis
Subglottis

Question 4

Name the major salivary glands

Answer 4

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 5

In what condition would a thyroid bruit be done?

Answer 5

Grave’s thyroiditis

Question 6

In what condition would a carotid bruit be done?

Answer 6

Carotid stenosis

Question 7

Name the throat examinations

Answer 7

Fibreoptic nasolaryngoscopy
Rigid laryngoscopy

Question 8

What is the investigation done for a neck lump?

Answer 8

FNAC

Question 9

Name the investigations done for head and neck?

Answer 9

FNAC
CT
MRI
PET
US
X ray
Contrast swallow
Endoscopy

Question 10

What are the characteristics of reactive lymph nodes?

Answer 10

Oval
Soft
Smooth
Mobile
Tender

Question 11

What can cause salivary gland swelling?

Answer 11

Tumour
Inflammation

Question 12

Name the benign causes of hoards

Answer 12

Nodules
Cysts
Vocal abuse
Smoking
Infection
Reflux

Question 13

Where is dysphagia well localised?

Answer 13

Neck

Question 14

What are the causes of dysphagia in the lumen?

Answer 14

Foreign body

Question 15

What are the causes of dysphagia in the wall?

Answer 15

Tumour
Stricture
Neuromuscular
Pouch

Question 16

What are the extra luminal causes of dysphagia?

Answer 16

Thyroid
Heart
Mediastinal mass

Question 17

What is the investigation for dysphagia?

Answer 17

Barium swallow

Question 18

What are the causes of globes pharyngeus?

Answer 18

Acid reflux
Stress/ anxiety

Question 19

What are the benign causes of head and neck disorders?

Answer 19

Congenital
Infective
Inflammatory
Trauma
Neoplasia

Question 20

What is the most common cancer found in the head and neck?

Answer 20

Squamous carcinoma

Question 21

Where are the common sites of head and neck cancer?

Answer 21

Oral cavity
Larynx
Oropharynx
Nasopharynx
Hypopharynx

Question 22

Describe the characteristics of malignant neck nodes

Answer 22

Round
Firm
Irregular
Fixed
Non-tender

Question 23

What are the signs of airway obstruction?

Answer 23

Stridor

Question 24

What are the causes of airway obstruction?

Answer 24

Infection
Tumour
Foreign body

Question 25

What is the treatment for airway obstruction

Answer 25

Humidied O2
Steroids
Adrenaline nebulisers
Secure airway

Question 26

When should a tonsillectomy be considered?

Answer 26

Bacterial tonsillitis
6-7 attacks in 1 year
Disrupting daily activities
More than 1 quinsy

Question 27

What are the symptoms of bacterial tonsillitis?

Answer 27

Pus covering
Neck nodes
Fever
No cough