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Head & neck > 2.5 The Oral Cavity, Tongue and Palate > Flashcards

2.5 The Oral Cavity, Tongue and Palate Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Vestibule of the Oral Cavity?

A

The space between the Inferior Lips/Cheek, and the Gums (Gingivae)

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2
Q

What Muscle, which is innervated by the Facial Nerve, lies in the lateral walls of the Oral Cavity?

A

The Buccinator Muscle

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3
Q

Which Muscle of Facial Expression’s contraction causes closing/pursing of the Lips?

A

The Orbicularis Oris
This is supplied by the Buccal Nerve, which branches from the Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)

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4
Q

What is the posterior opening of the Oral Cavity called?

A

The Oropharyngeal Isthmus (Isthmus of the Fauces

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5
Q

What is the Tongue?

A

A Muscular Organ covered by a Mucous Membrane

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6
Q

What are the Functions of the Tongue?

A
  1. Move food during chewing
  2. Taste
  3. Speech
  4. Swallowing
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7
Q

What is the name of the V shaped sulcus which divides the tongue into the Anterior 2/3, and Posterior 1/3?

A

The Terminal Sulcus

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8
Q

What is the embryological significance of the Foramen Caecum?

A

It is the remnant of the proximal Embryonic Thyroglossal Duct

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9
Q

Which 1/3 of the Tongue has surface projections of the Mucous Membrane? And which surface are they on?

A

The Anterior 1/3 of the Dorsal surface
This makes it rough

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10
Q

What are the name, and types of surface projections on the Tongue?

A

Papillae:
1. Filiform Papilla
2. Fungiform Papilla
3. Foliate Papilla
4. Vallate Papilla

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11
Q

Where can the Filiform Papilla be found?

A

The most anterior part of the Tongue, in the midline

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12
Q

Where can the Fungiform Papilla be found?

A

Immediately posterior of the Filiform Papilla, in the midline

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13
Q

Where can the Foliate Papilla be found?

A

These are not on the Dorsal surface, they are on the lateral/sublingual part

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14
Q

Where can the Vallate Papilla (Circumvallate) be found?

A

In a V-shaped line anterior to the Sulcus Terminalis

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15
Q

What are the surface projections of the (Dorsal) Posterior 1/3 of the Tongue formed by?
What is this called?

A

Submucosal Lymphoid Tissue, forming the Lingual Tonsil

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16
Q

What is the inferior surface of the Tongue covered by?

A

A Smooth Mucous Membrane

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17
Q

What is the name of the fold of Mucous Membrane which fixes the Tongue to the floor of the of the Mouth?

A

The Lingual Frenulum

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18
Q

What Vein can be seen when the tip of the Tongue is raised to the roof of the Oral Cavity?

A

The Deep Lingual Vein

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19
Q

Which nerve supplies General Sensory information to the Anterior 2/3 of the Tongue?

A

The Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial Nerve V3)

20
Q

Which nerve supplies General Sensory information to the Posterior 1/3 of the Tongue?

A

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)

21
Q

Which nerve supplies Special Sensory (Taste) information to the Anterior 2/3 of the Tongue?

A

Chorda Tympani branch of the Facial Nerve

22
Q

Which nerve supplies Special Sensory (Taste) information to the Posterior 1/3 of the Tongue?

A

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)

23
Q

What are the 2 types of muscle in the tongue?

A
  1. Intrinsic Muscles which originate and insert within the tongue
  2. Extrinsic Muscles that attach from the tongue to the surrounding bone or soft palate
24
Q

On a Sagittal Section of the Tounge, which specific area are the Intrinsic Muscle fibers mainly concentrated?

A

Within the Tongue only

25
Q

What is the function of the Extrinsic Muscles of the Tongue?

A

Changing the Position of the Tongue

26
Q

What is the function of the Intrinsic Muscles of the Tongue?

A

Change the Shape of the Tongue

27
Q

What are the 4 Extrinsic Muscles of the Tongue?

A
  1. Genioglossus
  2. Hyoglossus
  3. Styloglossus
  4. Palatoglossus
28
Q

What are the attachments of the Genioglossus?

A

The Inner Surface of the Mandible, close to the midline

29
Q

What are the attachments of the Hyoglossus?

A

The Upper Border of the body of the Mandible

30
Q

What are the attachments of the Styloglossus?

A

The Styloid Process

31
Q

What are the attachments of the Palatoglossus?

A

The Soft Palate

32
Q

What is the action of the Genioglossus?

A

Protrudes the Tongue to the Opposite Side

33
Q

What is the action of the Hyoglossus?

A

Depresses the Tongue

34
Q

What is the action of the Styloglossus?

A

Retracts the Tongue

35
Q

What is the action of the Palatoglossus?

A

Elevates the Tongue

36
Q

What Nerve innervates all of the Muscles of the Tongue (Except One)?

A

The Hypoglossal Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)

37
Q

What is the only Muscle of the Tongue not innervated by the Hypoglossal Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)?
And What innervates this?

A

The Palatoglossus is innervated by the Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X)

38
Q

Name the 3 large pairs of Salivary Glands:

A
  1. Parotid Salivay Gland
  2. Submandibular Salivery Gland
  3. Sublingual Salivary Gland
39
Q

Which Nerve gives Parasympathetic (so Secretomotor) innervation to the Parotid Gland?

A

The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)

40
Q

Which Nerve gives Parasympathetic (so Secretomotor) innervation to the Submandibular Gland?

A

The Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)

41
Q

Which Nerve gives Parasympathetic (so Secretomotor) innervation to the Sublingual Gland?

A

The Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)

42
Q

What are the 2 bones which form the Hard Palate?

A
  1. The Palatine Process of the Maxila
  2. The Horizontal Plate of the Palatine Bone
43
Q

Name the 5 Muscles in the Soft Palate:

A
  1. Tensor Veli Palatini
  2. Palatoglossus
  3. Palatopharyngeus
  4. Levator Veli Palatini
  5. Musculus Uvulae
44
Q

What is the Nerve Supply to the Muscles in the Soft Palate?

A

The Pharyngeal Plexus, via the Vagus Nerve. This consists of:
The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Cranial Nerve IX)
The Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X)

45
Q

What is the collective action of the Muscles in the Soft Palate?

A

This closes off the Nasopharyx (Nasal Passage) whilst swallowing, preventing the Bolus from travelling in the wrong direction

46
Q

What lies between the folds of mucosa (Arches) of the Palatoglossus and the Palatopharyngeus?

A

Palatine Tonsils

47
Q

What are the Palatine Tonsils made up of?

A

Lymphoid Tissue

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