Head, Face, Neck, & Lymphatics Flashcards
Where does Wharton’s duct enter?
Part of the submandibular gland, ducts to floor of mouth
What is the calvarium?
The scalp
What are palpebral fissures
Space between folds of eye
Down slanted palpebral fissures seen in
down syndrome- trisomy 21
shorter horizontal palpebral fissures seen in
fetal alcohol syndrome
What is the “smile line”, nares to lateral aspects of mouth
Nasolabial folds
Facial droop is diagnostic of stroke to CN_____ on _____ side
CN 7 is compromised on contralateral side
What sinuses are inferior to the orbits?
Maxillary
What sinuses are superior to the eyebrow?
Frontal
What are the characteristics in facies of Down’s Syndrome patients?
Down slanted palpebral fissures Flattened nasal bridge Prominent epicanthal folds Low set ears Large tongue Brushfield spots on the iris
What are the characteristics in facies of Cushing’s Syndrome?
“Moon Facies”
Round face, double chin, increased cheek fat deposits, facial flushing
-leading to cataracts, thin skin, loss of hair, trunk obesity
What are the characteristics in facies of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
Microcephaly
Thin upper lip and smooth philtrum
What are the characteristics in facies of Acromegaly?
Frontal bossing- prominent forehead Coarse Features Prognathism- protruding jaw \+Enlagrement of hands, feet, and head \+Palmar thickening
*consider Paget’s Bone disease as well
What ddx would you consider in parotid enlargement?
Sjogren’s Syndrome (dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis)
Mumps
Chronic Disease (DM, obesity, liver cirrhosis)
Neoplasm- esp if unilateral
A patient has left unilateral erythematous parotid enlargement. Upon palpation it is tender and fluctuates. Pus enters mouth on palpation. What is you diagnoses?
Bacterial suppurative infection
-Most often Staph aureus
tx IV abx, sx if no resolution
-Most common viral is Mumps
What bone is not attached and aides in swallowing and tongue movement?
Hyoid bone
What is the most common cause world wide for thyromegaly?
Iodine deficiency
Is thyromegaly seen in hyper or hypothyroidism?
Can see it in both states
What type of thyroid appearance is more likely a malignancy?
Thyroid nodule
What structures make up the anterior triangle of the neck?
SCM, mandible, neck midline
What structures make up the posterior triangle of the neck?
trapezius, SCM, clavicle
What vessel traverses the SCM muscle?
Jugular
Where does the thoracic duct drain?
Left subclavian
Where does the right lymphatic duct drain?
SVC
What and to where does Stensen’s duct drain
Parotid duct to inner bucal mucosa near the second molar
What is LAD or LAN
Lymphadenopathy, swollen palpable irregular nodes
What is tinea capitis
Fungal infection of the scalp, common in kids, causes alopecia and exclamation point hairs, if untreated can become kerion
Blunt flat facial affect/expression of face is noted in
Parkinson’s
EBM guidelines for bacterial sinusitis
- Pts have had symptoms >7 days
- Purulent nasal drainage
- Distinct facial pain (toothache, maxillary pain)
- Tenderness to palpation of sinus
- Fever
What could cause tracheal deviation?
pneumothorax, mediastinal mass, atelectasis
What kind of curve does the cervical spine have?
Lordotic
The most prominent vertebrae in the C-spine is the
C7
Where does the trapezius insert into?
Lateral clavicle
Acromion process
Scapular spine
True of False: The thyroid isthmus may not be palpable
True
True of False: A bruit auscultates over the lateral lobe is expected
False
