head and neck surface anatomy Flashcards
what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
synovial, condylar and hinge type joint
what does the TMJ involve?
two fibrocartilagneous surfaces and an articular disc which divides the joint into two cavities
what are the 4 muscles of mastication?
temproalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
where can temproalis be palpated?
just above the zygomatic arch when the jaw clenches
where can master be palpated?
just above and anterior to the angle of the mandible
can medial and lateral pterygoids bee palpated?
no
what are the 4 palpable muscles of facial expression?
frontalis
obicularis occuli
zygomaticus major
obicuaris orbit
where can frontalis be palpated?
just over the eyebrow when the eyebrow is raised
where can obicularis occuli be palpated?
over the eyelid when the eye is closed tight
where can zygomaticus major be palpated?
at the edge of the zygomatic arch when smiling
where can obicularis orbis be palpated?
above the top lip when pursing the lips
what is the nerve of facial expression?
the facial nerve
what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?
frontalis / temporal
zygomatic
b buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical
what are the 3 palpable vessels on the face?
superficial temporal artery
facial artery
supraorbital artery
where does the superficial temporal artery arise from?
the external carotid artery
where does the facial artery arise from?
the external carotid artery
where does the supraorbital artery arise from?
the ophthalmic artery
what nerve supplies sensory innervation to the face?
the trigeminal nerve
what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?
ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
what branch of the trigeminal nerve carries both sensory and motor innervation?
the mandibular division
where do lymph nodes that drain the head and neck drain into?
the cervical lymph chain
what is the Adams apple?
thyroid cartilage
where in relation to the thyroid cartilage is the cricoid cartilage?
3-4cm below the thyroid cartilage
what can be felt in the jugular notch?
tracheal rings of hyaline cartilage
does the hyoid bone move during swallowing?
yes moves due to contraction of the supra hyoid muscles
what are the attachment sites for the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
proximal - mastoid process
distal - sternum and clavicle
what lies under the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
the carotid sheath
what are the contents of the carotid sheath?
carotid artery, jugular vein, vagus nerve and sympathetic plexus
describe the cervical spine
there are 7 cervical vertebrae
C1 and C2 are atlas and axis respectively
C3-C5 are typical cervical vertebrae w/ a bifid spinous process
C6 and C7 have longer spinous processes
C7 is vertebra prominens
what cervical vertebrae allows head shaking / nodding?
1
what ligament attaches to the spinous process of the cervical vertebrae?
ligamentum nuchae
what pulse is commonly used in the neck?
the carotid pulse
where does the internal jugular vein lie in relation to the common carotid artery?
lateral to the common carotid
what vein are superficial lymph nodes of the neck assoc w/?
external jugular vein
what vein are deep lymph nodes of the neck assoc w/?
internal jugular vien
what nerve plexus lies in the neck?
the cervical nerve plexus
