head and neck surface anatomy

Question 1

what type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 1

synovial, condylar and hinge type joint

Question 2

what does the TMJ involve?

Answer 2

two fibrocartilagneous surfaces and an articular disc which divides the joint into two cavities

Question 3

what are the 4 muscles of mastication?

Answer 3

temproalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

Question 4

where can temproalis be palpated?

Answer 4

just above the zygomatic arch when the jaw clenches

Question 5

where can master be palpated?

Answer 5

just above and anterior to the angle of the mandible

Question 6

can medial and lateral pterygoids bee palpated?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

what are the 4 palpable muscles of facial expression?

Answer 7

frontalis
obicularis occuli
zygomaticus major
obicuaris orbit

Question 8

where can frontalis be palpated?

Answer 8

just over the eyebrow when the eyebrow is raised

Question 9

where can obicularis occuli be palpated?

Answer 9

over the eyelid when the eye is closed tight

Question 10

where can zygomaticus major be palpated?

Answer 10

at the edge of the zygomatic arch when smiling

Question 11

where can obicularis orbis be palpated?

Answer 11

above the top lip when pursing the lips

Question 12

what is the nerve of facial expression?

Answer 12

the facial nerve

Question 13

what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 13

frontalis / temporal
zygomatic
b buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical

Question 14

what are the 3 palpable vessels on the face?

Answer 14

superficial temporal artery
facial artery
supraorbital artery

Question 15

where does the superficial temporal artery arise from?

Answer 15

the external carotid artery

Question 16

where does the facial artery arise from?

Answer 16

the external carotid artery

Question 17

where does the supraorbital artery arise from?

Answer 17

the ophthalmic artery

Question 18

what nerve supplies sensory innervation to the face?

Answer 18

the trigeminal nerve

Question 19

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 19

ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

Question 20

what branch of the trigeminal nerve carries both sensory and motor innervation?

Answer 20

the mandibular division

Question 21

where do lymph nodes that drain the head and neck drain into?

Answer 21

the cervical lymph chain

Question 22

what is the Adams apple?

Answer 22

thyroid cartilage

Question 23

where in relation to the thyroid cartilage is the cricoid cartilage?

Answer 23

3-4cm below the thyroid cartilage

Question 24

what can be felt in the jugular notch?

Answer 24

tracheal rings of hyaline cartilage

Question 25

does the hyoid bone move during swallowing?

Answer 25

yes moves due to contraction of the supra hyoid muscles

Question 26

what are the attachment sites for the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 26

proximal - mastoid process
distal - sternum and clavicle

Question 27

what lies under the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 27

the carotid sheath

Question 28

what are the contents of the carotid sheath?

Answer 28

carotid artery, jugular vein, vagus nerve and sympathetic plexus

Question 29

describe the cervical spine

Answer 29

there are 7 cervical vertebrae

C1 and C2 are atlas and axis respectively

C3-C5 are typical cervical vertebrae w/ a bifid spinous process

C6 and C7 have longer spinous processes

C7 is vertebra prominens

Question 30

what cervical vertebrae allows head shaking / nodding?

Answer 30

1

Question 31

what ligament attaches to the spinous process of the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 31

ligamentum nuchae

Question 32

what pulse is commonly used in the neck?

Answer 32

the carotid pulse

Question 33

where does the internal jugular vein lie in relation to the common carotid artery?

Answer 33

lateral to the common carotid

Question 34

what vein are superficial lymph nodes of the neck assoc w/?

Answer 34

external jugular vein

Question 35

what vein are deep lymph nodes of the neck assoc w/?

Answer 35

internal jugular vien

Question 36

what nerve plexus lies in the neck?

Answer 36

the cervical nerve plexus