Head and Neck Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mouth and Throat PE Question

A

Any problems with your mouth, throat, tongue or teeth such as pain, bumps, lumps, etc.?

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2
Q

Neck PE Exam

A

Any lumps or stiffness in your neck?

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3
Q

What happens in Angular Cheilitis?

A

Saliva wets and macerates the infolded skin, often leading to secondary infection with Candida

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4
Q

What happens in Actinic Cheilitis?

A

Lip loses its normal redness and may become scaly

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5
Q

What first develops in Herpes Simplex?

A

Cluster of vesicles

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6
Q

Angioedema

A

Swelling seen in allergic reactions

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7
Q

Where is associated Urticaria and Pruritis uncommonly seen?

A

Angioedema in bradykinin and complement-derived mediators

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8
Q

What is Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia? (Olser-Weber-Rendu Syndrome)

A

Multiple small red spots on the lips

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9
Q

What is accompanied in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome?

A

Numerous intestinal polyps

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10
Q

Chancre of Primary Syphilis

A

Ulcerated papule with an indurated edge

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11
Q

Carcinoma of the Lip

A

Usually affects lower lip commonly seen in fair skinned people with over exposure to the sun

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12
Q

What are Koplik’s Spots an early sign for?

A

Measles (rubeola)

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13
Q

What do we do for Gingival Hyperplasia?

A

Phenytoin therapy

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14
Q

Smooth Tongue (Atrophic Glossitis)

A

A smooth and often sore tongue that has lost its papillae suggests a deficiency in riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, vitamin B12, pyridoxine, iron, or treatment with chemotherapy

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15
Q

Can Hairy Leukoplakia be scraped off? Where are they seen?

A

No; HIV and AIDS

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16
Q

What 5 things do we look for in the tonsils?

A
  1. Color and symmetry
  2. Exudate
  3. Swelling
  4. Ulceration
  5. Tonsillar enlargement
17
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Redness is diffuse and intense

18
Q

What would a patient complain of in Pharyngitis?

A

Sore throat or at least a scratchy one

19
Q

What 2 things could cause Pharyngitis?

A

Virus or bacteria

20
Q

What 2 common causes are of little chance for Pharyngitis if the patient has no fever, exudate, or enlargement of cervical lymph nodes?

A
  1. Group A Streptococci

2. Epstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis)

21
Q

Cause of Diphtheria

A

Acute infection caused by Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

22
Q

What does the deep purple color of lesions in the pharynx suggest?

A

Kaposi’s Carcinoma seen in AIDS - low-grade vascular tumor associated with Human Herpesvirus 8

23
Q

What do we note and look for in the neck?

A

Symmetry and any masses or scars; enlargement of parotid or submandibular glands or any visible lymph nodes

24
Q

What is a clue to unsuspected thyroid disease?

A

Scar of past thyroid surgery

25
What does enlargement of a supraclavicular node, especially on the left, suggest?
Possible metastasis from a thoracic or an abdominal malignancy
26
Do we palpate the lymph nodes?
Yes - pads of middle and index fingers
27
What do we note in lymph nodes?
Size, shape, delimitation (discrete or matted together), mobility, consistency, and any tenderness
28
What do tender nodes suggest?
Inflammation
29
What do hard or fixed nodes suggest?
Malignancy
30
What measurement is significant for lymph nodes in supraclavicular fossa?
>1cm | normally <2cm is insignificant
31
What do we look for in the trachea?
Any deviation from midline due to something like a mass
32
What could tracheal deviation possibly suggest besides a tracheal mass?
Mediastinal mass, atelectasis, or a large pneumothorax
33
Goiter
Enlarged lymph node of twice its normal size
34
Do we palpate the thyroid gland?
Yes - can be difficult