Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BAMS > Head and Neck anatomy > Flashcards

Head and Neck anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cranial bones?

A 
Frontal
Occipital
Temporal (2)
Parietal (2)
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the facial bones?

A

14 bones

Lacrimal (2)
Zygoma (2)
Mandible
Maxilla (2)
Nasal (2)
Inferior nasal concha (2)
Palatine (2)
Vomer

Remember mandible/vomer only singular bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the cranial sutures?

A

Frontal suture is coronal
Midline suture is saggital
Posterior suture is lambdoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What forms the cranial base?

A

All cranial bones bar parietal

Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal
Occipital
Temporal (petrous part)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

The hole in the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What forms the cranial vault?

A

Frontal bone
Occipital bone
Parietal bone
Temporal bone (squamous part)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What bones does the orbit consist of?

A 
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Frontal bone
Maxilla 
Zygomatic bone
Sphenoid bone
Superior orbital fissure
Inferior orbital fissure
Optic foramen located in sphenoid bone - opening for optic nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What nerves are part of the orbit?

A

Cranial nerves II (optic), III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), V (trigeminal opthalmic division) and VI (abducens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the maxilla consist of?

A 
Teeth (molars, premolars, canines, incisors)
Alveolar process
Anterior nasal spine
Infraorbital foramen
Zygomatic process
Orbital surface
Frontal process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the nasal septum?

A

Thin wall of bone and cartilage that seperates left and right nostrils.

Composed of:

  • Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
  • Vomer bone
  • Septal nasal cartilage
  • Maxillary crest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the arterial blood supply to the head and neck?

A

External carotid artery

Internal carotid artery supplies the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate into internal and external carotid arteries?

A

at cervical vertebral level 3 or 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What arteries arise from the external carotid artery?

A 
Ascending pharyngeal
Superior thyroid
Lingual 
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Superficial temporal 
Maxillary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drains the cerebrum, the inside of the skull and most external structures of the head and neck?

A

Internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the external jugular vein do?

A

Drains some external structures e.g. posteior auricular vein/retro-mandibular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the dura mater?

A

The thick membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

Other two meningeal layers are the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where can you detect pulses in the face?

A

Easily detected on superficial arteies as they pass over a bony prominence

  • Temporal pulse (superficial temporal artery by the ear or anterior branch of superficial temporal artery by the forehead)
  • Carotid pulse in neck
  • Facial pulse near lower corner of mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the blood/nerve supply to TMJ?

A

External carotid artery - superficial temporal and maxillary branches

Auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves, both derived from Vc Trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
Temporalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What muscles cause elevation of the mandible?>

A

Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What muscles cause depression of the mandible?

A

Digastric, geniohyoid and mylohyoid

gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What causes retraction of the mandible?

A 
posterior fibres of temporalis
Deep part (top) of masseter and geniohyoid and digastric
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes protrusion of the mandible?

A

Lateral pterygoid assisted by medial pterygoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the temporalis consist of?

A

Temporalis muscle
Cut temporal fascia
Inferior temporal line
Superior temporal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where are the medial and lateral pterygoid located?

A

Under masseter, lateral (horizontal) on top of medial (more vertical)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What bones form the calvaria?

A

Frontal, occipital and parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the REGIONS of the head? (not face)

A 
Frontal 
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Auricular
Mastoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the REGIONS of the face? (not head)

A 
Orbital
Infraorbital
Zygomatic
Parotid 
Mental
Nasal 
Buccal
Oral
29
Q

What are the REGIONS of the neck?

A 
Submandibular triangle 
Submental triangle
Carotid triangle
Muscular triangle
Lesser supraclavicular fossa
Sternocleidomastoid region
Lateral region
Omoclavicular region
Suboccipital region
Posterior cervical region
30
Q

What is the glabella?

A

Smooth part of forehead above and between eyebrows

31
Q

Where are the suprapalpebral and infrapalpebral sulcus’ found?

A

Above and below the eyes

32
Q

What is the epicanthal fold?

A

Skin fold of the upper eyelif on inner corner of the eye

33
Q

What constitutes the surface anatomy of the nose?

A 
Dorsum of nose
Ala of nose
Apex of nose
Naris' 
Nasal septum
34
Q

What is the philtrum?

A

Vertical indentation above upper lip

35
Q

What is the nasolabial sulcus?

A

Two skin folds that run from each side of the nose to each corner of the mouth

36
Q

Where is the labial commisure?

A

Corner of the mouth

37
Q

Where is the oral fissure?

A

Opening through which food is taken, oral cavity.

38
Q

Where is the vermillion border?

A

Sharp demaraction between the lip and the adjacent normal skin

39
Q

Mentolabial sulcus and mental protuberance location?

A

Mental region, sulcus above protuberance

40
Q

How many muscles in the face?

A

53

41
Q

What nerve supplies muscles of the face?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

42
Q

What muscles do the upper lip contain?

A

Elevators, retractors and evertors

43
Q

What muscles do the lower lip contain?

A

Depressors, retractors and evertors

44
Q

What is the muscle of the cheek?

A

Buccinator

45
Q

What is the muscle of the mouth?

A

Orbicularis oris

46
Q

How is the neck divided anatomically into anterior and posterior portions?

A

By the sternocleidomastoid

47
Q

What are the attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

Proximal attachment - mastoid process

Distal attachment - sternum and clavicle

48
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior triangle?

A

Mylohyoid
Anterior belly of digastric
Infrahyoid muscles

49
Q

What are the skeletal elements of the anterior triangle?

A

Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Hyoid bone
Trachea

50
Q

What are the glands of the anterior triangle?

A

Thyroid
Parathyroid
Submandibular

51
Q

What nerves supply the anterior triangle?

A

Vagus (CN X)
Phrenic
Hypoglossal (CN XII)

52
Q

What is the phrenic nerve?

A

Originates in the neck from C3-5

Supplies the diaphragm

53
Q

What blood vessels pass through the anterior triangle?

A

Common carotid artery

Jugular veins

54
Q

What are the nerves of the posterior triangle?

A

Accessory nerve
Parts of brachial plexus
Cutaneous cervical nerves

55
Q

Which of the anterior/posterior triangles contain lymph nodes?

A

Posterior triangle

56
Q

What is CN I?

A

Olfactory
Special sensory
Sensation of smell

57
Q

What is CN II?

A

Optic
Special sensory
Sensation of vision

58
Q

What is CN III?

A

Oculomotor

Somatic motor - Controls four of the six eye muscles and eyelid muscle

Visceral motor - PNS control of lens and pupil

59
Q

What is CN IV?

A

Trochlear
Somatic motor
Controls superior oblique muscle of eye

60
Q

What is CN V?

A

Trigeminal

Somatic sensory - sensation from skin of face

Branchial motor - Controls muscles of jaw

61
Q

What is CN VI?

A

Abducens
Somatic motor
Controls lateral rectus muscle of eye

62
Q

What is SO4LR6?

A

Eye muscle innervation mnemonic

Superior oblique - CN 4
Lateral rectus - CN 6

63
Q

What is CN VII?

A

Facial nerve

Somatic sensory - taste sensation from front of tongue

Branchial motor - Controls muscles of face

64
Q

What is CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear
Special sensory
Sensations of hearing and balance

65
Q

What is CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal

Branchial motor - Controls one of the pharyngeal muscles

Visceral motor - PNS control of parotid salivary gland

Special sensory - Taste sensation from back part of tongue

Visceral sensory - Detection of blood pressure changes

66
Q

What is CN X?

A

Vagus

Visceral motor - PNS control of internal organs of the thorax and abdomen

Visceral sensory - Sensation from internal organs

Branchial motor - Controls muscles of pharynx and larynx

67
Q

What is CN XI?

A

Accessory (spinal)

Somatic motor - controls two large neck muscles (sternocleidomastoid and trapezius)

68
Q

What is CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal
Somatic motor
Controls muscles of the tongue

BAMS (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions