Alimentary system - unfinished Flashcards
What are the four lobes of the liver?
Right and left lobe - connected by falciform ligament
Quadrate and Caudate posterior lobes
Where is the gallbladder?
Housed by the quadrate and caudate lobes to the posterior aspect of the liver
Where do the main blood vessels of the liver enter?
The hilium
How much blood does the hepatic portal vein supply?
Up to 75% of the liver
Portal vein passes through main fissure and right fissure
How much blood does the hepatic artery supply?
Up to 25% of liver
How is vascularity associated with liver function?
Related to the role of detoxification and metabolic rate the liver plays
What are the lobule of the liver composed of?
Hepatocytes
Spaces between each lobule edge forms a triangular shape, these are known as portal spaces
How does blood move through liver lobules?
Blood is initially distributed to portal spaces between lobules
Then diffuses into sinusoids
Blood moves through these and is filtered into the central vein in the middle of each cell
Central veins eventually merge to form the hepatic vein
These further merge to form inferior vena cava
What forms the portal triad?
Bile ducts
Proper Hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
Branch of vagus nerve
What are hepatocytes separated by?
Sinusoidal lumen
Forms a space called the Space of Disse
What is the acinus?
A physiological area in the hepatocytes, being graded from I to III the closer to the central vein they reach
What are the features of sinusoids?
Discontinuous epithelium
No basement membrane
Space of Disse filled with ECM with hepatocytic microvilli projections and adipocytes
What is the function of hepatocytes?
Produce bile
Require extensive blood supply
Bile transported by bile canaliculi
How can glycogen in hepatocytes be identified?
Via staining of Periodic Acid Schiff
What are four functions of the liver?
Production of bile
Production of lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins)
Store and release of glucose as needed
Conversion of harmful ammonia to urea
