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BDS1 Head and Neck Anatomy > Head and Neck Anatomy 1 > Flashcards

Head and Neck Anatomy 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cranial bones?

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal (x2)
  • Ethmoid
  • Occipital
  • Temporal (x2)
  • Sphenoid
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2
Q

What are the facial bones?

A
  • Lacrimal (2)
  • Maxilla (2)
  • Nasal (2)
  • Inferior concha (2)
  • Palatine (2)
  • Vomer (1)
  • Zygoma (2)
  • Mandible (1)
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3
Q

What are the 3 cranial sutures?

A
  • Coronal
  • Sagittal
  • Lambdoid
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4
Q

When do anterior fontanelles close?

A

At about 2 years old

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5
Q

When do posterior fontanelles close?

A

At about 2 months old

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6
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

The holes/space in between the bones of the skull

can become really big and pressurised when there is something wrong with a baby

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7
Q

If a baby is dehydrated what happens to the fontanelles?

A

They become depressed

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8
Q

What bones are included in the cranial base?

A

All cranial bones apart from the parietal bones

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9
Q

The occipital bone is one of the largest bones in the skull, How many bones is this made up of?

A

4 bones

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10
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

A hole in the occipital bone of the skull where the brainstem goes down

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11
Q

What is the mastoid process?

A

A conical prominence of the temporal bone behind the ear, to which neck muscles are attached, and which has air space linked to the middle ear

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12
Q

What is the thinnest bone in the body?

A

The lacrimal bone

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13
Q

What does the zygoma act as?

A

A crash barrier which absorbs impact from trauma

- It transmits pressure and transfers it through the temporal bone

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14
Q

What does the cranial vault consist of?

A
  • Frontal bone
  • Occipital bone
  • Parietal bone
  • Temporal bone
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15
Q

What nerves go through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN3 and CN4 and first branch of CN5

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16
Q

If you need to numb the palate what can you go through to do this?

A

The incisive canal

17
Q

If all bones of the maxilla are not developed properly what can this cause?

A
  • A cleft lip and palate

- Can cause problems with speech and communication

18
Q

What does the nasopalatine nerve supply?

A

The front 6 teeth

19
Q

What is down the middle of the nasal septum and what 2 bones are further back?

A
  • Cartilage down the middle

- Ethmoid and vomer bones further back

20
Q

Which main artery supplies the head and neck?

A

Common carotid artery

21
Q

What are the 2 branches of the common carotid artery that supply the head and neck?

A

Internal carotid artery
- Supplies about 80% of all brain blood supply

External carotid artery
- Several branches supplying the exterior of the head and neck

22
Q

What is the pneumonic for the arterial blood supply of the head?

A

Some Angry Lady Figured Out PMS

23
Q

What are the different arterial and venous blood supplies of the head?

A
  • Superior thyroid
  • Ascending pharyngeal
  • Lingual
  • Facial
  • Occipital
  • Posterior auricular
  • Maxillary
  • Superficial temporal
24
Q

What 3 things sit inside the parotid gland?

A
  • External carotid artery
  • Retromandibular vein
  • Facial nerve
25
Q

What is the main vein that drains the brain and what does it drain?

A

Internal jugular vein: drains the cerebrum, inside of the skull and most of the external structures of the head and neck

26
Q

What does the cavernous sinus include within it?

A
  • A big vein: jugular
  • An artery: internal carotid
  • Nerves: cranial nerves
27
Q

What is the Dural venous sinus?

A

Folds of the dura (fibrous tissue), not strictly blood vessels
-Drains all of the brain

28
Q

What are the 3 meninges of the brain?

A
  • Dura mater (outside)
  • Arachnoid mater (middle)
  • Pia mater (inside)
29
Q

What is important about the cavernous sinus?

A
  • It joins al of the veins at the front of the face
  • There is a danger triangle which sits at the nose - if pick spots infection can get into the vein and go to the cavernous sinus which can cause problems
30
Q

What are pulses?

A

Pressure waves in the artery caused by contraction of the left ventricle which corresponds to the heartbeat

31
Q

Where are pulses easily detected?

A

On superficial arteries as they pass over bony prominences

32
Q

What is the normal rate of pulses?

A

60-80 BPM

33
Q

Where on the head and neck can you check for pulses?

A
  • Temporal pulse
  • Carotid pulse
  • Facial pulse
34
Q

Which cranial nerves majorly supply the face?

A

CN V, VII, IX and XII

*V most important for dentists

35
Q

What kind of nerve is the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and what other nerves does it supply?

A
  • Sensory nerve
  • supratrochlear nerve
  • supraorbital nerve
  • lacrimal nerve
  • nasociliary nerve
36
Q

What kind of nerve is the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve and what does it supply?

A
  • Sensory nerve
  • Zygomatic nerve
  • infraorbital nerve
  • anterior, middle and superior alveolar nerves

Supplies to all upper teeth

37
Q

What kind of nerve is the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and what does it supply?

A
  • Mixed nerve
  • Motor to muscles of mastication
  • Sensory - auriculotemporal nerve/lingual nerve/ buccal nerve/ inferior alveolar nerve

BDS1 Head and Neck Anatomy (5 decks)

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