Head and Neck 2 Flashcards
What is the shape of the sphenoid bone?
Butterfly shape
The sphenoid bone is often described as resembling a butterfly due to its unique structure.
How many bones form the orbit?
7 bones
The bones that form the orbit include:
* Frontal
* Zygomatic
* Maxilla
* Lacrimal
* Ethmoid
* Palatine
* Sphenoid
List the bones that make up the orbit.
- Frontal
- Zygomatic
- Maxilla
- Lacrimal
- Ethmoid
- Palatine
- Sphenoid
These bones are interconnected and form the structure of the eye socket.
Which bone is associated with the superior orbital fissure?
Sphenoid bone
The superior orbital fissure is an opening in the sphenoid bone.
What is the function of the optic canal?
Transmits optic nerve
The optic canal is a passageway in the sphenoid bone for the optic nerve.
What is the significance of the ethmoidal foramina?
Allows passage of olfactory nerves
The ethmoidal foramina are openings in the ethmoid bone that permit the passage of olfactory nerves.
True or False: The lacrimal bone is one of the bones that forms the orbit.
True
The lacrimal bone is indeed one of the seven bones that comprise the orbit.
Fill in the blank: The _______ bone is located at the front of the orbit.
Frontal
The frontal bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the eye socket.
Which bone is located at the base of the skull and contributes to the orbit?
Sphenoid bone
The sphenoid bone is critical for the structure of the skull and the orbit.
What is the role of the zygomatic bone in the orbit?
Forms the lateral wall of the orbit
The zygomatic bone contributes to the cheek area and the lateral aspect of the eye socket.
Identify the labelled parts:
What is the function of the Levator palpebrae superioris?
It brings the upper lid up.
This muscle is responsible for elevating the upper eyelid.
Which cranial nerve is associated with the Levator palpebrae superioris?
Oculomotor nerve (CN II)
This nerve controls most of the eye’s movements, including the elevation of the upper lid.
What are the names of the extra-ocular muscles?
The extra-ocular muscles include:
* Superior oblique
* Inferior oblique
* Superior rectus
* Inferior rectus
* Medial rectus
* Lateral rectus
These muscles control the movement of the eye.
Which cranial nerves are involved in eye movement?
The cranial nerves involved are:
* Oculomotor nerve (CN II)
* Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
* Abducent nerve (CN VI)
Each nerve has specific roles in facilitating different eye movements.
What is the role of the Superior oblique muscle?
It acts to move the eye.
This muscle is primarily responsible for downward and lateral movement of the eye.
What happens to the Lateral rectus muscle in the illustration?
It is cut and reflected to show the optic nerve.
This allows for a clearer view of the underlying structures.
Fill in the blank: The 2 oblique muscles are the _______ and _______.
Superior oblique and Inferior oblique.
These muscles are responsible for specific movements of the eye.
What are the 4 recti muscles?
The 4 recti muscles are:
* Superior rectus
* Inferior rectus
* Medial rectus
* Lateral rectus
These muscles play a crucial role in controlling the direction of eye movement.
True or False: The extra-ocular muscles have a common region.
True
This indicates that these muscles are interconnected and work together to facilitate eye movement.
Identify the labelled parts:
What is the most superficial muscle of the eye?
Levator palpebrae superioris
This muscle is responsible for elevating the upper eyelid.
Which cranial nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle of the eye?
CN IV (Trochlear Nerve)
The trochlear nerve is specifically responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the lateral rectus muscle?
CN VI (Abducent Nerve)
The abducent nerve controls the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye.
What is the common tendinous ring?
A structure from which several eye muscles originate
It serves as an anchor point for the rectus muscles of the eye.
List the eye muscles supplied by the oculomotor nerve (CN III).
- Superior Rectus
- Inferior Rectus
- Medial Rectus
- Inferior Oblique
These muscles control various movements of the eye.
Fill in the blank: The _______ artery supplies blood to the eye.
[Ophthalmic artery]
The ophthalmic artery branches from the internal carotid artery.
What vein collects blood from the inferior ophthalmic region?
Inferior ophthalmic vein
This vein is responsible for draining blood from the eye area.
True or False: The superior branch of the oculomotor nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle.
False
The lateral rectus muscle is supplied by the abducent nerve (CN VI).
What is the role of the abducent nerve?
Innervates the lateral rectus muscle
This allows for the abduction of the eye, moving it laterally.
Which nerve is responsible for the majority of eye muscle innervation?
CN III (Oculomotor Nerve)
This nerve innervates most of the extraocular muscles.
