HC Flashcards
1517
Luther posts his 95 Theses
5th Lateran Council
Ends in 1517 - Pope Julius - Personal renewal - Order your own life to the doing of god’s will and the bringing of benefit to their neighbor
Luther’s Argument
The only response to a failed piety of achievement was not its intensification but its abolition.
Savonarola
d. 1498 Italian Dominican monk and struct ascetic. He was exccommunicated in 1497 and burned at the stake in 1498
THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS
PT. 1
God has revealed himself on the cross and it’s the task of the theologian to examine God in this way. Philosopher’s cannot come to this understanding
THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS
PT. 2
The revelation can only be understood by faith. Not by reason.
THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS
PT. 3
Rather than by the created order. Natural theology tells of nothing of the nature of God. He did not argue with all of “Natural” theology.
THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS
PT. 4
Faith is necessary to understand God
THEOLOGY OF THE CROSS
PT. 5
Not only that one knows God through suffering, but that God makes God’s self known through Christ’s suffering.
Nominalist in reaction to Semi-Pelagianist
- God has established a covenant and it will be done in this way.
- God will reveal himself.
- Humans don’t earn salvation, but God takes the thing you will do an accept it.
Condine v. Congruous
Condign - Worthy merits. By our own efforts we cannot perform condign works.
Congruent - We do congruent works and God accepts them as condign.
Justification for Luther
5 Points
- Justified By faith alone apart from any works
- Justifying faith is not intellectual assent, but trust.
- Sinner justified on basis of God’s righteousness. Simultaneously saint and sinner.
- Since justification is a work of salvation rather than human achievement, the believer can be assured of salvation.
Contarini & Luther
Similarities
Both agreed that justification came through faith.
The Church was in need of reformation.
Contarini & Luther
Diffierences
C - Salvation came through sacraments i.e. works within the church.
C - Reformation will come from personal piety of Bishops and trickle down.
L - Salvation comes only through God.
L - Reformation will come through a change in doctrine.
Colloquy of Regensburg
1541 - Contarini is a key involved figure in trying to reach an agreement with Protestants on the issue of justification.
Diet of Worms 1521
- Luther is summoned to the Diet(parliament) of Worms
- Luther assembled before all the princes and leaders of Germany and refuses to recant
- Luther is moving away from the authority of the church and toward an “Authority of Scripture”
Anfechtungen
Bouts of spiritual anxiety
Luther’s Notion of Christian Freedom
You can’t make liberty into a law.
- Destroying idols makes an idol out of the law.
Luther’s & Sola Scriptura
Did not believe that scripture gave a clear explanation of all doctrinal controversies.
Luther & The Epistle of James
An Epistle of Straw
Strengths of Luther’s approach to Scripture
- Simplifies scripture so that everyone can understand it.
- All scripture points to Christ.
Weaknesses of Luther’s approach to Scripture
- Printed word on the page are not the words of God.
Word of God
Luther
Has both the character of judgment(law) and grace(gospel).
One should always ask when interpreting scripture is this law or gospel?
1 st Commandment (Luther)
Contains all the others, but also contains the promise of God.
It’s both law and gospel.
The Babylonian Captivity of the Church
What makes a sacrament?
- Promise of divine grace
- Sacrament must have a visible sign
- Instituted by Christ
- Effectual nature requires faith on the part of the recipient
Sola Scriptura
Luther
By grace alone,
Faith alone.
Christ alone
Scripture should not be understood as meaning anything else but that people are nothing and Christ alone is everything.
Luther & Zwingli
Similarities
Faith has to be present for grace to be confirmed.
Continuing the representation of the sacrifice in the Mass is not necessary.
Luther & Zwingli
Differences
L - Christ is present in the Eucharist
Z - Christ becomes a commemoration by the community coming together and participating.
L - Change the Mass and remove the sacrificial element.
Z - Abolish the Mass
Reformed
Only divine laws are to be obeyed unconditionally.
The emphasis on the Bible’s witness as important for faith and life. Sola scriptura
Lutheran Reform
Upholds Luther’s theological teachings such as sola scriptura (scripture as the primary authority for faith and life), justification by the grace of God alone, and salvation through faith in Christ alone.
