HC 1 Flashcards
Substance Dualism
Qualia
Qualitative aspects of experiences, like tasting coffee
What-it-is-likeness
Refers to the subjective, first-person experience or consciousness of an individual
Separability Thesis
The idea that the mind can exist and function separately from the physical world
Substance
Something that can exist its own
Proposition
Refers to the meaning of a sentence
Cognitive States
Mental states characterized by possessing intentionality
Emotional States
Mental states characterized by both what-it-is-likeness and aboutness, like falling in love, it is directed towards someone
What are the two mind-body problems?
- How do qualia fit into the physical world?
- How does intentionality fit into the physical world?
Cogito ergo sum
I think therefore I am
Michel de Montaigne
A famous French skeptic
Res cogitans
The thinking substance
Res extensa
The physical substance
What is movement acc. to Descartes?
Movement occurs due to a collision between two physical substances (particles)
Occasionalism
A philosophy wherein God is responsible for the interaction between the mind and the body.
Our thoughts give God the occasion to move our bodies to enable sensation
Parallelism
A philosophy wherein God put into motion our minds and bodies in parallel to each other.
Think two clocks put in motion at the same time
Conceptual Analyses
Philosophy informing us about the relationship between world views
Two kinds of world views
- Manifest World View
- Scientific World View
Manifest World View
Everyday world view, e.g., a glass of water
Scientific World View
Scientific world view backed by scientific research, e.g., H2O molecules make water
Conceptual Clarification
Clarifying what someone means by a particular concept, e.g., attention
Very similar to conceptual analyses
Conceptual clarification goes further, science tells more about the concept and differentiation between analyses
The Science of Validity
Questions scientists’ use of concepts of causality
What does Philosophy strive towards?
Philosophers want to know what is meant by our concepts, they want ensure said concepts are applied appropriately and draw valid inferences
Metaphysics
A discipline within philosophy that goes beyond physics
Radical Doubt
Descartes’ first method to gain knowledge about the world, wherein, he doubted everything and anything
Causal Closure
No energy is entering or leaving the system (physical world)
Think conservation of energy in physics
