Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MAMS > HBS EXAM 2 > Flashcards

HBS EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

limbs/extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

axial skeleton

A

ribs
vertebral column
skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

horizontal plane motion occurs around a ___ axis

A

longitudinal/superior-inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

frontal plane motion occurs around a ____ axis

A

anterior-posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sagittal plane motion occurs around a ____ axis

A

mediolateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

flexion

A

bending forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

extension

A

leaning backward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

lateral flexion

A

leaning to one side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

movements of the head, spine, and trunk that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

movements of the head, spine, and trunk that take place in the frontal plane

A

lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

movements of the head, spine, and trunk that take place in the horizontal plane

A

rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

movements of the shoulder joint and arm that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

movements of the shoulder joint and arm that take place in the frontal plane

A

abduction

adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

abduction

A

deviating away from the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

adduction

A

moving toward the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

movements of the shoulder joint and arm that take place in the horizontal plane

A

internal/medial rotation

external/lateral rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

movements of the elbow joint and forearm that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

movements of the elbow joint and forearm that take place in the horizontal plane

A

pronation

supination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

movements of the wrist joint and hand that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

movements of the wrist joint and hand that take place in the frontal plane

A

abduction

adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

movements of the wrist joint and hand that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

movements of the wrist joint and hand that take place in the frontal plane

A

abduction

adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

movements of the wrist joint and hand that take place in the horizontal plane

A

internal rotation

external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

movements of the knee joint and leg that take place in the sagittal plane

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

movements of the ankle joint and foot that take place in the sagittal plane

A

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

movements of the ankle joint and foot that take place in the frontal plane

A

eversion

inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

gluteal region

A

includes part of the bony pelvic and associated soft tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

thigh

A

contains the femur and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

leg

A

contains the tibia and fibula and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

foot

A

includes tarsal bones, metatarsals, phalanges and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

hip

A

includes part of the bony pelvis, proximal femur and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

knee

A

includes the distal femur, proximal tibia, patella and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

ankle

A

includes the distal tibia and fibula, proximal talus and associated soft tissue structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

3 bones that comprise the hip bone

A

ilium
ischium
pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

acetabulum

A

location of femoral head articulation –> hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

greater trochanter

A

large lateral bony prominence located at the junction of the femoral neck and shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

lesser trochanter

A

medial bony prominence at the junction of the femoral neck and shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

interotrochanteric line

A

located anteriorly at the point where the femoral neck meets the femoral shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

fovea of proximal femur

A

attachment site of the ligament of the head of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

intertrochanteric crest

A

located posteriorly at the point where the femoral neck meets the femoral shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

gluteal tuberosity

A

ridge of bone between greater trochanter and linea aspera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

pectineal line

A

ridge of bone btwn lesser trochanter and linea aspera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

linea aspera

A

vertical ridge of bone along posterior shaft of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

medial and lateral supracondylar line

A

extends inferiorly from the linea aspera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

medial and lateral femoral condyles

A

expanded lower aspect of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

articular surface for patella and tibia

A

shallow depression on the anterior distal femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

intercondylar fossa

A

separates the femoral condyles posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

medial and lateral epicondyles

A

most prominent area on the medial and lateral femoral condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

femoral shaft/body

A

length of the femur distal to the trochanters and proximal to the femoral condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

medial and lateral tibial condyles

A

flattened proximal portion of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

tibial plateau

A

relatively flat superior surface of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

where is the tibial tuberosity

A

located on the anterior aspect of the proximal tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

medial malleolus

A

medial projection of the distal tibial shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

head of fibula

A

proximal expanded region of the fibular that articulates with the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

lateral malleolus

A

distal expanded region of the fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

where is the interosseous membrane

A

between shafts of tibia and fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

patella

A

medial and lateral articular facet that articulates with the femoral condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

bones of the foot

A

7 tarsal bones
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

7 tarsal bones

A 
talus
calcaneus
navicular
cuboid
3 cuneiforms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

how many vertebrae?

A

33

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

how many cervical vertebrae?

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

how many sacral vertebrae?

A

~5 fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

coccyx

A

3-4 fused vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

primary curvatures of the spine

A

concave anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

which regions are the primary curvatures of the spine?

A

thoracic

sacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

secondary curvatures of the spine

A

concave posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

which regions are the secondary curvatures of the spine?

A

cervical

lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

vertebral body

A

weight bearing part of the vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

vertebral arch

A

forms lateral and posterior parts of the vertebral foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

vertebral canal

A

contains and protects the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

pedicles of the vertebra

A

bony pillars that attach the vertebral arch to the vertebral body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

laminae of the vertebra

A

flat sheets of bone that extend from each pedicle to meet in the midline and form the roof of the vertebral arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

spinous process of the vertebra

A

project posteriorly and inferiorly from the junction of the laminae,
site for muscle and ligament attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

transverse process of the vertebra

A

extends posterolaterally from the junction of the pedicle and lamina on each side,
articulates with ribs in the thoracic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

articular processes of the vertebra

A

project from the region where pedicle join laminae,

articulate with inferior and superior articular processes of adjacent vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

features of cervical vertebrae

A

spinous process is bifurcated
triangular canal
small vertebral body
transverse foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

role of the atlas

A

holds the head up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

what is the atlas attached to?

A

occipital bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

unique feature of atlas and axis

A

no vertebral body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

axis role

A

allows head to rotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

dens/odontoid process

A

on axis

specialized body that allows the head to rotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

unique features of thoracic vertebrae

A

more articular surfaces
round foramen
costovertebral joints with ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

unique features of lumbar vertebrae

A

larger size

triangular canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

zygapophysial joints and motions of cervical vertebra

A

sloping inferiorly from anterior to posterior,
rotation
flexion
extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

zygapophysial joints and motions of thoracic vertebra

A

vertically oriented
flexion
extension
rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

zygapophysial joints and motions of lumbar vertebra

A

facing inward

limited movement in favor of stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

vertebral body of cervical vertebra

A

short in height

curved surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

vertebral body of thoracic vertebra

A

heart shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

vertebral body of lumbar vertebra

A

cylindrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

vertebral foramina of cervical vertebra

A

triangular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

vertebral foramina of thoracic vertebra

A

circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

vertebral foramina of lumbar vertebra

A

triangular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

2 major types of intervertebral joints

A

zygapophysial joints

intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

zygapophysial joint

A

synovial joint that connects articular processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

intervertebral discs

A

symphyses solid joint that connects adjacent vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

annulus fibrosus

A

ring of fibrocartilage that limits rotation btwn vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

nucleus pulposus

A

gelatinous center of disc that absorbs compression forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

function of vertebral ligaments

A

Resist excessive motion of the spinal column and some serve as muscle attachment sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

where are the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments

A

course along vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

role of anterior longitudinal ligaments

A

prevent hyperextension of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

role of posterior longitudinal ligaments

A

prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

where are the ligamentum flavum

A

connects lamina of adjacent vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

role of ligamentum flavum

A

resists separation of laminae in flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

supraspinous ligament

A

connects adjacent vertebral spines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

ligamentum nuchae

A

Thickened extension of supraspinous and interspinous ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

role of ligamentum nuchae

A

resists flexion of the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

interspinous ligaments

A

pass btwn adjacent spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

3 layers of back musculature

A

superficial/appendicular
intermediate/respiratory
deep/intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

muscles in the superficial layer of the back

A 
Trapezius 
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboid minor
rhomboid major
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

what do the muscles in the superficial layer of the back act on?

A

scapula

humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

muscles of the intermediate layer of the back

A

serratus posterior superior

serratus posterior inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

function of the serratus posterior superior

A

elevates superior ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

function of the serratus posterior inferior

A

depresses inferior ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior superior

A

anterior rami of the upper thoracic spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior inferior

A

anterior rami of lower thoracic spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

spinotransversales muscles

A

splenius capitis

splenius cervicis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

proximal attachment of the splenius capitis

A

ligamentum nuchae

spinous processes C7-T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

proximal attachment of the splenius cervicis

A

spinous processes T3-T6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

distal attachment of the splenius capitis

A

mastoid process

skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

distal attachment of the splenius cervicis

A

transverse processes of C1-C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

innervation of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

A

posterior rami of the cervical spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

function of the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

A

extend head and neck

rotation of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

largest group of intrinsic back muscles

A

erector spinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

muscles of the erector spinae

A

iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

lateral muscle of the erector spinae

A

iliocostalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

intermediate muscle of the erector spinae

A

longissimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

medial muscle of the erector spinae

A

spinalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

innervation of the erector spinae muscles

A

posterior rami of the spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

function of the erector spinae muscles

A

extend trunk/spine

flex trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

3 groups of the transversospinales

A

semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

superficial muscle of the transversospinales

A

semispinales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

intermediate muscle of the transversospinales

A

multifidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

deep muscle of the transversospinales

A

rotatores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

function of mutifidus and rotatores

A

trunk extension

contralateral trunk rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

how do the transversospinales muscles run?

A

obliquely upward and medially from transverse processes to spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

spinal cord length

A

extends from foramen magnum to L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

conus medullaris

A

terminal end of spinal cord

cone shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

2 enlargements of the spinal cord

A

cervical

lumbosacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

cervical enlargement of the spinal cord

A

C5-T1

supplies upper extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord

A

L1-S3

supplies lower extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

cauda equina

A

extension of lumbar and sacral nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

spinal meninges

A

tissue layers that protect the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

dura mater

A

outermost meningeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

arachnoid mater

A

thin, delicate membrane deep to the dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

pia mater

A

vascular membrane that firmly adheres to the surface of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

denticulate ligaments

A

anchor spinal cord to superficial meningeal layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

filum terminale

A

extension of pia mater that connects the spinal cord to the coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

role of filum terminale

A

provides tension to stabilize the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

2 meningeal spaces

A

epidural

subarachnoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

epidural space

A

located btwn periosteum lining vertebral canal and dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

subarachnoid space

A

located btwn arachnoid and pia mater

contains CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

where do sensory/afferent neurons enter the spinal cord?

A

dorsal/posterior gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

where are cell bodies of sensory neurons in the spinal cord?

A

dorsal root ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

where do motor/efferent neurons enter the spinal cord?

A

anterior/ventral gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

where are cell bodies of motor neurons in the spinal cord?

A

ventral gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

spinal nerve

A

1 sensory and 1 motor root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

what do anterior rami supply?

A

postcranial muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

what do posterior rami supply?

A

intrinsic back muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

spinal nerves C1-C7 are named for ___

A

vertebra below them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

spinal nerves T1 and caudal are named for ___

A

vertebra above them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

anterior spinal artery supplies ___

A

anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

posterior spinal arteries supply ___

A

posterior 1/3 of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

what does the anterior spinal artery branch from?

A

a convergence of vertebral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

what do the posterior spinal arteries branch from?

A

posterior inferior cerebellar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

how does the anterior spinal artery travel?

A

along the anterior median fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

how do the posterior spinal arteries travel?

A

along the posterolateral sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

what kind of joint is the hip joint?

A

synovial

ball and socket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

movements of the hip joint

A 
flexion 
extension
abduction
adduction
internal rotation
external rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

what kind of joint is the knee joint?

A

synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

tibiofemoral joint

A

articulation btwn medial and lateral femoral condyles and medial and lateral tibial condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

patellofemoral joint

A

articulation btwn the patella and distal femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

predominant movements of the knee joint

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

what kind of joint is the ankle joint?

A

synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

ankle joint

A

distal tibia and fibula articulate with talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

main motions of the ankle joint

A

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

intertarsal joints

A

btwn tarsal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

movements of the intertarsal joints

A

inversion

eversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

tarsometatarsal joints

A

btwn tarsals and metatarsals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

movements of the tarsometatarsal joints

A

inversion

eversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

metatarsophalangeal joints

A

btwn metatarsals and phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

movements of the metatarsophalangeal joints

A

abduction
adduction
flexion
extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

interphalangeal joints

A

btwn phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

movements of the interphalangeal joints

A

flexion

extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

femoral artery is a continuation of the ___

A

external iliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
187
Q

superior and inferior gluteal arteries are branches of the ___

A

internal iliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
188
Q

the obturator artery is a branch of the ___

A

internal iliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
189
Q

contents of the superficial fascia

A

fat
cutaneous nerves
superficial veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
190
Q

great saphenous vein

A

largest superficial vein in the lower extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
191
Q

course of the great saphenous vein

A

ascends along the medial aspect and drains into the deep femoral vein into the anterior thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
192
Q

fascia lata

A

deep fascia of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
193
Q

iliotibial band

A

thickening of the fascia lata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
194
Q

muscles of the anterior thigh

A

psoas major
iliacus
quadriceps femoris
sartorius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
195
Q

attachment of the psoas major

A

lumbar vertebra to lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
196
Q

innervation of the psoas major

A

upper lumbar spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
197
Q

attachment of the iliacus

A

iliac fossa to lesser trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
198
Q

innervation of the iliacus

A

femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
199
Q

movement of the iliopsoas

A

strong hip flexor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
200
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

4 headed femoral muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
201
Q

muscles of the quadriceps femoris

A

rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
202
Q

attachment of the rectus femoris

A

AIIS to tibial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
203
Q

movement of the rectus femoris

A

hip flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
204
Q

vastus medialis attachment

A

intertrochanteric line and linea aspera to tibial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
205
Q

vastus lateralis attachment

A

greater trochanter and linea aspera to tibial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
206
Q

vastus intermedius attachment

A

anterior femoral shaft to tibial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
207
Q

innervation of the quadriceps femoris

A

femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
208
Q

movement of the quadriceps femoris

A

knee extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
209
Q

sartorius attachment

A

ASIS to proximal tibia

210
Q

sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve

211
Q

sartorius movement

A

hip flexion
abduction
external/lateral rotation
knee rotation

212
Q

____ innervates the anterior thigh muscles

A

femoral nerve

213
Q

how does the femoral nerve enter the lower extremity?

A

passes deep to the inguinal ligament

214
Q

muscles of the medial thigh

A 
pectineus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
gracilis
adductor magnus
215
Q

pectineus attachment

A

pubic bone to pectineal line

216
Q

pectineus innervation

A

femoral and obturator nerves

217
Q

pectineus movement

A

hip adduction

218
Q

adductor longus attachment

A

pubic bone to linea aspera

219
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve

220
Q

adductor longus movement

A

hip adduction

221
Q

adductor brevis location

A

deep to adductor longus

222
Q

adductor brevis attachment

A

pubic bone to linea aspera

223
Q

adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve

224
Q

adductor brevis movement

A

hip adduction

225
Q

gracilis attachment

A

pubic bone to proximal tibia

226
Q

gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve

227
Q

gracilis movement

A

hip adduction

knee flexion

228
Q

adductor magnus attachment

A

pelvis to linea aspera and adductor tubercle

229
Q

adductor magnus innervation

A

obturator and tibial nerve

230
Q

adductor magnus movement

A

hip adduction

231
Q

how does the obturator nerve enter the lower extremity?

A

passes thru obturator canal

232
Q

muscles of the posterior thigh

A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris

233
Q

semitendinosus attachment

A

ischial tuberosity to proximal tibia

234
Q

semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial nerve

235
Q

semitendinosus movement

A

hip extension

knee flexion

236
Q

semimembranosus attachment

A

ischial tuberosity to proximal tibia

237
Q

semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial nerve

238
Q

semimembranosus movement

A

hip extension

knee flexion

239
Q

long head of biceps femoris attachment

A

ischial tuberosity to fibular head

240
Q

long head of biceps femoris innervation

A

tibial nerve

241
Q

long head of biceps femoris movement

A

hip extension

knee flexion

242
Q

short head of biceps femoris attachment

A

linea aspera to fibular head

243
Q

short head of biceps femoris innervation

A

common fibular nerve

244
Q

short head of biceps femoris movement

A

knee flexion

245
Q

tibial nerve is a branch of ___

A

sciatic nerve

246
Q

common fibular nerve is a branch of the ___

A

sciatic nerve

247
Q

what does the tibial nerve innervate?

A

semimembranosus
semitendinosus
long head of biceps femoris

248
Q

what does the common fibular nerve innervate?

A

short head of the biceps femoris

249
Q

where does the femoral nerve originate?

A

lumbar plexus

250
Q

where does the obturator nerve originate?

A

lumbar plexus

251
Q

major source of blood supply to the thigh

A

femoral artery and its branches

252
Q

muscles in the gluteal region

A 
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor of fascia lata
piriformis
superior gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
quadratus femoris
253
Q

gluteus maximus attachment

A

pelvis to gluteal tuberosity

254
Q

gluteus maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve

255
Q

gluteus maximus movement

A

hip extension

external/lateral rotation

256
Q

gluteus medius attachment

A

pelvis to greater trochanter

257
Q

gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

258
Q

gluteus medius movement

A

hip abduction

259
Q

gluteus minimus attachment

A

pelvis to greater trochanter

260
Q

gluteus minimus innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

261
Q

gluteus minimus movement

A

hip abduction

262
Q

tensor of fascia lata attachment

A

pelvis to iliotibial band

263
Q

tensor of fascia lata innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve

264
Q

tensor of fascia lata movement

A

hip abduction

265
Q

piriformis attachment

A

pelvis to femur

266
Q

superior gemellus attachment

A

pelvis to femur

267
Q

obturator internus attachment

A

pelvis to femur

268
Q

inferior gemellus attachment

A

pelvis to femur

269
Q

quadratus femoris attachment

A

pelvis to femur

270
Q

piriformis movement

A

hip external/lateral rotation

271
Q

superior gemellus movement

A

hip external/lateral rotation

272
Q

obturator internus movement

A

hip external/lateral rotation

273
Q

inferior gemellus movement

A

hip external/lateral rotation

274
Q

quadratus femoris movement

A

hip external/lateral rotation

275
Q

what does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

motor to gluteus maximus

276
Q

what does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

A

motor to gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata

277
Q

what are the 2 branches of the internal iliac artery that supply the gluteal region?

A

superior and inferior gluteal arteries

278
Q

muscles of the posterior leg

A 
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
popliteus
279
Q

muscles in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

280
Q

gastrocnemius attachment

A

medial and lateral femoral condyles to calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

281
Q

gastrocnemius innervation

A

tibial nerve

282
Q

gastrocnemius movement

A

knee flexion

plantarflexion

283
Q

soleus attachment

A

fibula and tibia to calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

284
Q

soleus innervation

A

tibial nerve

285
Q

soleus movement

A

plantarflexion

286
Q

plantaris innervation

A

tibial nerve

287
Q

muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg

A

flexor hallucis longus
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
popliteus

288
Q

flexor hallucis longus attachment

A

fibula to distal phalanx of great toe

289
Q

flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

tibial nerve

290
Q

flexor hallucis longus movement

A

flexes 1st digit

plantaflexion

291
Q

tibialis posterior attachment

A

fibula and tibia to tarsal and metarsal

292
Q

tibialis posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve

293
Q

tibialis posterior movement

A

plantarflexion

inversion

294
Q

flexor digitorum longus attachment

A

tibia to distal phalanx of digits 2-5

295
Q

flexor digitorum longus innervtion

A

tibial nerve

296
Q

flexor digitorum longus movement

A

flexes digits 2-5

plantarflexion

297
Q

popliteus innervation

A

tibial nerve

298
Q

what innervates the posterior leg?

A

tibial nerve

299
Q

muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

300
Q

fibularis longus attachment

A

proximal fibula to medial tarsal and metatarsal

301
Q

fibularis longus innervation

A

superficial fibular nerve

302
Q

fibularis longus movement

A

eversion

plantarflexion

303
Q

fibularis brevis attachment

A

distal fibula to 5th metatarsal

304
Q

fibularis brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular nerve

305
Q

fibularis brevis movement

A

eversion

plantarflexion

306
Q

what is the innervation of the lateral leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve that branches off the common fibular nerve

307
Q

muscles of the anterior leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus

308
Q

tibialis anterior attachment

A

tibia to medial tarsal and metatarsal

309
Q

tibialis anterior innervtion

A

deep fibular nerve

310
Q

tibialis anterior movement

A

dorsiflexion

inversion

311
Q

extensor hallucis longus attachment

A

fibula to distal phalanx of great toe

312
Q

extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

deep fibular nerve

313
Q

extensor hallucis longus movement

A

dorsiflexion

extends great toe

314
Q

extensor digitorum longus attachment

A

tibia and fibula to distal phalanx of toes 2-5

315
Q

extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

deep fibular nerve

316
Q

extensor digitorum longus movement

A

dorsiflexion

extends toes 2-5

317
Q

what innervates the anterior leg?

A

deep fibular nerve that branches off the common fibular nerve

318
Q

what does the popliteal artery bifurcate into?

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

319
Q

plantar fascia

A

superficial structure on the plantar aspect of the foot

320
Q

plantar fascia attachment

A

calcaneus to proximal phalanx of digits 1-5

321
Q

functions of the plantar fascia

A
  • Heel strike to midstance absorbs loads imposed by body weight
  • Mid-stance to push off contributes to the rigid nature of the foot during push off
322
Q

muscles in layer 1 of the foot

A

abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi

323
Q

muscles in layer 2 of the foot

A

flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
lumbricals
quadratus plantar

324
Q

muscles in layer 3 of the foot

A

flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digiti minimi brevis
adductor hallucis

325
Q

muscles in layer 4 of the foot

A

3 plantar interossei
4 dorsal interossei
peroneus longus tendon
posterior tibialis tendon

326
Q

what do the supraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus supply?

A

dorsal and medial scapula

327
Q

what do the infraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus supply?

A

pectoral region and ventral scapula

328
Q

nerves from the brachial plexus

A 
supraclavicular branches
infraclavicular branches
axillary
radial
musculocutaneous
median 
ulnar
329
Q

brachium

A

arm

330
Q

what is the role of the anterior region of the arm?

A

flexor

331
Q

what is the role of the posterior region of the arm?

A

extensor

332
Q

antebrachium

A

forearm

333
Q

what innervates all muscles that have an action on the upper extremity?

A

nerves from the brachial plexus

C5-T1

334
Q

what part of the arm does the axillary nerve supply?

A

proximal arm

335
Q

what part of the arm does the radial nerve supply?

A

posterior arm

posterior forearm

336
Q

what part of the arm does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

A

anterior arm

337
Q

what part of the arm does the medial nerve supply?

A

ANTERIOR FOREARM

hand

338
Q

what part of the arm does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

anterior forearm

HAND

339
Q

At the inferior border of the teres major, the axillary artery changes names to the ___

A

brachial artery

340
Q

At the level of the elbow, the brachial artery divides into?

A

radial artery

ulnar artery

341
Q

what is the ulnar artery the main supply for?

A

superficial palmar arch

342
Q

what is the radial artery the main supply for?

A

deep palmar arch

343
Q

what is the vein on the lateral side of the of the hand?

A

cephalic vein

344
Q

what is the vein on the medial side of the of the hand?

A

basilic vein

345
Q

what is the communication between the cephalic and basilic veins?

A

median cubital vein

346
Q

what do the basilic and cephalic veins drain into?

A

axillary vein

347
Q

articular components of the sternoclavicular joint?

A

sternal end of the clavicle

manubrium of sternum

348
Q

sternoclavicular joint joint type

A

modified saddle synovial joint

349
Q

sternoclavicular joint associated structures

A

fibrocartilage disc

350
Q

role of sternoclavicular joint disc

A

creates a bed for the end of the clavicle

transmits force and pressure from extremity to axial skeleton

351
Q

sternoclavicular joint movements

A

elevation/depression

protraction/retraction

352
Q

Acromioclavicular joint articular components

A

acromial end of clavicle

acromion process of scapula

353
Q

Acromioclavicular joint joint type

A

plane type synovial joint

354
Q

Acromioclavicular joint associated structures

A

fibrocartilage disc

355
Q

Acromioclavicular joint movements

A

gliding between clavicle and scapula

356
Q

Glenohumoral joint articular components

A

humeral head

glenoid fossa

357
Q

Glenohumoral joint joint type

A

ball and socket synovial joint

358
Q

Glenohumoral joint movements

A

flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
internal/external rotation

359
Q

the glenoid fossa is __ the size of the humeral head

A

1/3

360
Q

role of glenoid labrum

A

contributes to the stability of the Glenohumoral joint

361
Q

glenoid labrum

A

fibrocartilaginous ring that deepens the glenoid fossa

362
Q

Scapulothoracic joint

A

Physiological joint in which movement occurs between musculoskeletal structures

363
Q

scapulohumeral rhythm

A

Motion available to the glenohumeral joint alone would not account for the full range of motion observed at the humerus
The remainder of motion is contributed by the scapulothoracic joint
the scapula rotates to maintain the relationship btwn articular surfaces

364
Q

how many degrees can the GH joint abduct?

A

0-30

365
Q

extrinsic posterior superficial muscles of the shoulder

A

trapezius

latissimus dorsi

366
Q

extrinsic posterior deep muscles of the shoulder

A

Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid minor

367
Q

trapezius attachments

A 
superior nuchal line
external occipital protuberance
spinous processes of C7-T12
scapula spine
acromion
lateral 1/3 clavicle
368
Q

upper trapezius movement

A

elevates and upwardly rotates scapula

369
Q

middle trapezius movement

A

adducts scapula

370
Q

lower trapezius movements

A

depresses and upwardly rotates scapula

371
Q

trapezius innervation

A

CN XI- spinal accessory nerve

372
Q

latissimus dorsi attachments

A

spinous process T7-T12
iliac crest
ribs 9-12
intertubercular groove of humerus

373
Q

latissimus dorsi movement

A

shoulder extension
adduction
internal rotation

374
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve

375
Q

Levator scapulae attachments

A

transverse processes of C1-C4

superior medial border of scapula

376
Q

Levator scapulae movement

A

elevates and downwardly rotates scapula

377
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve

378
Q

Rhomboid minor attachments

A

spinous processes C7 and T1

medial scapular border at the level of roor of scapular spine

379
Q

Rhomboid major attachments

A

spinous processes T2-T5

medial scapular border from level of spine to inferior angle

380
Q

Rhomboid minor and major movement

A

adduct/retract and downwardly rotate scapula

381
Q

Rhomboid minor and major innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve

382
Q

boundaries of triangle of auscultation

A

latissimus dorsi
trapezius
medial border of scapula

383
Q

extrinsic anterior muscles of the shoulder

A

– Pectoralis Major
– Pectoralis Minor
– Serratus Anterior
– Subclavius

384
Q

Pectoralis Major attachments

A

clavicular head- medial half of clavicle
sternocostal head- anterior sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages
intertubercular groove of humerus

385
Q

Pectoralis Major movement

A

adducts and medially rotates the humerus

386
Q

Pectoralis Major innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

387
Q

Pectoralis Minor attachments

A

ribs 3-5

coracoid process of scapula

388
Q

Pectoralis Minor movement

A

stabilizes scapula

389
Q

Pectoralis Minor innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve

390
Q

Serratus anterior attachments

A

external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-8

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

391
Q

Serratus anterior movement

A

protracts and upwardly rotates the scapula

holds scapula against thoracic wall

392
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve

393
Q

Subclavius attachments

A

junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage

inferior surface of medial 3rd of clavicle

394
Q

Subclavius movement

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

395
Q

Subclavius innervation

A

nerve to Subclavius

396
Q

intrinsic muscles of the shoulder

A 
Coracobrachialis 
Deltoid
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Supraspinatus 
Infraspinatus 
Subscapularis
397
Q

Coracobrachialis attachments

A

tip of coracoid process

medial, middle third of humerus

398
Q

Coracobrachialis movement

A

flex and adduct shoulder

399
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve

400
Q

Deltoid attachments

A

scapula spine
acromion
lateral third of clavicle
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

401
Q

anterior Deltoid action

A

shoulder flexion

402
Q

middle Deltoid action

A

shoulder abduction

403
Q

posterior Deltoid action

A

shoulder extensions

404
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve

405
Q

Teres major attachments

A

inferior lateral aspect of posterior surface of scapula

intertubercular groove of humerus

406
Q

Teres major action

A

shoulder medial/internal rotation

407
Q

Teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve

408
Q

rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus teres minor
subscapularis

409
Q

Teres minor attachments

A

middle part of lateral border of scapula

greater tubercle

410
Q

Teres minor movements

A

shoulder lateral/external rotation

411
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve

412
Q

Supraspinatus attachments

A

supraspinous fossa

greater tubercle

413
Q

Supraspinatus movement

A

shoulder abduction

414
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

415
Q

Infraspinatus attachments

A

infraspinous fossa

greater tubercle

416
Q

Infraspinatus movement

A

shoulder lateral/external rotation

417
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

418
Q

Subscapularis attachments

A

subscapular fossa

lesser tubercle

419
Q

Subscapularis movement

A

shoulder medial/internal rotation

420
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

upper subscapular nerve and lower subscapular nerve

421
Q

role of rotator cuff muscles

A

maintain GH stability

maintain humerus centered within glenoid fossa

422
Q

what kind of joint is the humeroulnar joint?

A

hinge

423
Q

humeroulnar joint movement

A

felxion/extension

424
Q

what kind of joint is the humeroradial joint?

A

modified hinge

425
Q

humeroradial joint movement

A

flexion/extension

supination/pronation

426
Q

what kind of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

pivot

427
Q

proximal radioulnar movement

A

supination/pronation

428
Q

where is the annular ligament?

A

encircles the head of the radius

429
Q

role of the annular ligament

A

holds the head of the radius against the ulna
protects against distal dislocation of the radius
increases stability

430
Q

lateral collateral ligament attachments

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius

431
Q

another name for the lateral collateral ligament

A

radial collateral ligament

432
Q

lateral collateral ligament role

A

protects against medial deviation of forearm

433
Q

another name for the medial collateral ligament

A

ulnar collateral ligament

434
Q

medial collateral ligament attachment

A

medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process and olecranon process

435
Q

medial collateral ligament role

A

protects against lateral deviation of forearm

436
Q

what is tommy john surgery?

A

UCL reconstruction

437
Q

what nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

musculocutaneous

438
Q

short head of biceps brachii attachments

A

coracoid process of the scapula

radius via bicipital aponeurosis

439
Q

long head of biceps brachii attachments

A

supraglenoid tubercle

radius via bicipital aponeurosis

440
Q

biceps brachii movements

A

elbow flexion
forearm supination
weak shoulder flexion

441
Q

biceps brachii innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve

442
Q

brachialis attachments

A

distal anterior humerus

coronoid process of the ulna

443
Q

brachialis movement

A

flexes forearm

444
Q

brachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve

445
Q

what innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

radial nerve

446
Q

long head of triceps brachii attachments

A

infraglenoid tubercle

olecranon of ulna

447
Q

lateral headof triceps brachii attachments

A

posterior superior humerus

olecranon of ulna

448
Q

medial head of triceps brachii attachments

A

posterior inferior humerus

olecranon of ulna

449
Q

triceps brachii movement

A

extend elbow

extension shoulder

450
Q

innervation of triceps brachii

A

radial nerve

451
Q

anconeus attachments

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

olecranon of ulna

452
Q

anconeus movement

A

extends forearm

453
Q

anconeus innervation

A

radial nerve

454
Q

brachioradialis attachments

A

lateral portion of distal humerus

lateral distal radius

455
Q

brachioradialis movement

A

flexes elbow

456
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

radial nerve

457
Q

supinator attachments

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna

proximal radius

458
Q

supinator movement

A

supinates forearm

459
Q

supinator innervation

A

radial nerve

460
Q

pronator teres attachments

A

coronoid process and medial epicondyle

lateral surface of radius

461
Q

pronator teres movement

A

pronates and flexes forearm

462
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

median nerve

463
Q

pronator quadratus attachments

A

distal anterior ulna

distal anterior radius

464
Q

pronator quadratus movement

A

pronates forearm

465
Q

pronator quadratus innervation

A

median nerve

466
Q

radiocarpal joint articulations

A

distal radius

proximal carpals

467
Q

radiocarpal joint joint type

A

condyloid

468
Q

radiocarpal joint movements

A

wrist flexion/extension

wrist abduction/adduction

469
Q

midcarpal joint articulations

A

proximal and distal row of carpal bones

470
Q

midcarpal joint joint type

A

plane synovial joint

471
Q

midcarpal joint movements

A

gliding motions between carpals

472
Q

distal radioulnar joint articulations

A

distal end of radius and ulna

473
Q

distal radioulnar joint joint type

A

pivot synovial joint

474
Q

distal radioulnar joint movement

A

supination/pronation

475
Q

Colles fracture

A

distal radius fracture with dorsal displacement of the distal fragment from a fall on an outstretched arm

476
Q

how does wrist abduction occur?

A

result of contraction of both the flexor and extensors on the radial side of the forearm

477
Q

how does wrist adduction occur?

A

result of contraction of both the flexor and extensors on the ulnar side of the forearm

478
Q

extensor and flexor retinaculum

A

stabilizing ligaments of the carpal bones

479
Q

what creates the carpal tunnel?

A

curved carpal bones

flexor retinaculum

480
Q

extensor compartment of the wrist attachments

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

base of metacarpals

481
Q

extensor compartment of the wrist action

A

wrist extension

482
Q

extensor compartment of the wrist innervation

A

radial nerve

483
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

Repeated forceful flexion and extension of the wrist may strain the attachment of the common extensor tendon, producing inflammation of the periosteum of the lateral epicondyle

484
Q

flexor compartment of the wrist attachments

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

base of metacarpals

485
Q

flexor compartment of the wrist action

A

wrist flexion

486
Q

flexor compartment of the wrist innervation

A

median and ulnar nerves

487
Q

palmaris longus attachments

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

fascia of palm

488
Q

palmaris longus movement

A

tenses fascia of palm

489
Q

palmaris longus innervation

A

median nerve

490
Q

at what joints does flexion/extension occur at in digits 2-5?

A

MP
PIP
DIP

491
Q

at what joints does abduction/adduction occur at in digits 2-5?

A

MP

492
Q

at what joint does adduction/abduction occur at in the thumb?

A

CMC

493
Q

at what joint does flexion/extension occur at in the thumb?

A

CMC
MP
IP

494
Q

at what joint does opposition occur at in the thumb?

A

CMC

495
Q

what is opposition?

A

combo of abduction and flexion

496
Q

what are the main movements of the extrinsic digit flexors?

A

grasping –> non manipulative prehension patterns

497
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis attchments

A

medial epicondyle

middle phalanx of digits 2-5

498
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis movement

A

flexes PIP

499
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

median and ulnar nerves

500
Q

flexor digitorum profundus attachments

A

proximal ulna

distal phalanx of digits 2-5

501
Q

flexor digitorum profundus movement

A

flexes DIP

502
Q

flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

ulnar nerve

503
Q

what innervates the extensor digitorum, extensor indicis proprius, and extensor digiti minimi?

A

radial nerve

504
Q

extrinsic muscles of the thumb

A

Flexor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Abductor pollicis longus

505
Q

borders of the anatomical snuffbox

A

Extensor pollicis longus and brevis

Abductor pollicis longus

506
Q

what are the main motions of the intrinsic hand muscles?

A

fine motor –> manipulative prehension patterns

507
Q

what innervates the hypothenar group of muscles?

A

ulnar nerve

508
Q

what innervates the thenar group of muscles?

A

median nerve

509
Q

lumbricals attachments

A

flexor tendons in palm

dorsum of proximal phalanges

510
Q

lumbricals movement

A

flex MP

extend PIP/DIP

511
Q

lumbricals innervation

A

median and ulnar nerves

512
Q

interossei attachemnts

A

metacarpals to adjacent proximal phalanges

513
Q

dorsal interossei movement

A

abduction at MP joint

514
Q

interossei innervation

A

ulnar nerve

515
Q

palmar interossei movement

A

adduction at MP joint

516
Q

how many dorsal interossei

A

4

517
Q

how many palmar interossei

A

3

518
Q

what nerve supplies sensory innervation to the dorsal digits 1-3?

A

radial nerve

519
Q

what nerve supplies sensory innervation to the palmar digits 1-3 and half of 4?

A

median nerve

520
Q

what nerve supplies sensory innervation to the front and back of the 5th digit and half of the 4th?

A

ulnar nerve

521
Q

what causes carpal tunnel?

A

swelling of the tendons in the tunnel compresses the median nerve

MAMS (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions