HB-Cognitive & Moral Development

Question 1

What are some of the things that cognitive development impacts?

Answer 1

treatment compliance
how you relate to patients
how you explain things to patients

Question 2

What are some of the things that moral development impacts?

Answer 2

treatment compliance

how you talk & relate to patients

Question 3

During ages 0-2, which stage are you in according to Piaget?

Answer 3

Sensorimotor

Question 4

During ages 0-9, which stage are you in according to Kohlberg?

Answer 4

Preconventional Morality Stage 1 & 2

Question 5

During ages 2-7, which stage are you in according to Piaget?

Answer 5

Piaget: preoperational

Question 6

During ages 7-12, which stage are you in according to Piaget?

Answer 6

Concrete Operational

Question 7

After age 12, which stage are you in according to Piaget? Kohlberg?

Answer 7

Piaget: Formal Operational
Kohlberg: Post-conventional morality Stages 5 & 6

Question 8

According to Kohlberg, which stage are you in around ages 9-Adolescence?

Answer 8

Conventional Morality Stage 3 & 4

Question 9

Describe the characteristics of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage.

Answer 9

rudimental thought
magical thinking
object permanence (around 8 mo)
basic feelings
egocentrism
reflexes-repeat acts that get needs met
ages 0-2

Question 10

Describe the characteristics of Piaget’s Preoperational stage.

Answer 10

hard time thinking about several aspects of a problem
symbolic thinking starts
start using proper syntax & grammar to express full concepts
strong intuition
haven’t mastered conversation
still egocentric & still magical thinking
ages 2-7

Question 11

Describe the characteristics of Piaget’s Concrete Operational stage.

Answer 11

concepts are attached to concrete situations
time, space, quality understood & applied (but not independently)
beginning of logical thought
mastery of conservation & classification
seriation–can date things
ages 7-12

Question 12

Describe the characteristics of Piaget’s Formal Operational stage.

Answer 12

theoretical, hypothetical, and counter factual thinking
abstract logic & reasoning
thought is flexible
ages 12+

Question 13

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Preconventional morality Stage 1?

Answer 13

punishment avoidant

Question 14

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Preconventional Morality Stage 2?

Answer 14

obey rules for personal gain

Question 15

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Conventional Morality Stage 3?

Answer 15

Good Boy/Good Girls obey rules for approval

Question 16

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Conventional Morality Stage 4?

Answer 16

obey rules to maintain social order

Question 17

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Postconventional Morality Stage 5?

Answer 17

Rules are obeyed if they are impartial.

Democratic rules are changed if they infringe on the rights of a group of people.

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Kohlberg’s Postconventional Morality Stage 6?

Answer 18

individual establishes their own set of rules based off of their personal set of ethical principles.

Question 19

Which psychologist’s theory can be described like this: It proposes discrete stages of development, marked by qualitative differences, rather than a gradual increase in number and complexity of behaviors, concepts, ideas, etc.

Answer 19

Piaget

Kohlberg is more the gradual increase guy.

Question 20

Who was the first to realize that children were not just little adults with a lack of intelligence?

Answer 20

Piaget

Question 21

What is a schema according to Piaget?

Answer 21

the basic building block of intelligent behavior
a script we follow
set of linked mental representations of the world
we use these to understand & respond to the world

Question 22

What is the innate schema of a newborn?

Answer 22

sucking, grasping, rooting

Question 23

Adaptation to the world occurs through which 3 things?

Answer 23

Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibrium

Question 24

What does assimilation consist of?

Answer 24

using existing schema to deal with new info

Question 25

What does accommodation consist of?

Answer 25

when the existing schema isn't working | it is changed to deal with a new object or situation

Question 26

What does equilibrium consist of?

Answer 26

when the child's schema is sufficient to assimilate new info the disequilibrium occurs when info can't fit a schema. when there is this disequilibrium there is learning!

Question 27

How can magical thinking apply to patients who aren't children?

Answer 27

if i think i'm not sick-i'm not!

Question 28

Describe preconventional morality Stage 1 in more detail.

Answer 28

heteronomous--strict adherence to rules with inability to see a different perspective rules obeyed to avoid punishment focused on direct consequences of actions

Question 29

Describe preconventional morality Stage 2 in more detail.

Answer 29

follow rules for personal gain (reward) begin to see someone else's perspective trading something for something else they want more do what they perceive is best

Question 30

Describe conventional morality Stage 3 in more detail.

Answer 30

judge morality based on society's expectations rules obeyed for approval-be a good girl opinions shaped by family beginning of empathy & trust & love

Question 31

Describe conventional morality stage 4 in more detail.

Answer 31

consider general society & follow expectations | struggle when laws conflict w/ human rights

Question 32

Stage 6 Postconventional morality can sometimes be confused with what stage?

Answer 32

Preconventional morality

Question 33

Explain in detail the post conventional stage 5 in more detail.

Answer 33

social contract driven world holds different laws & all should be respected when laws aren't for the greater good they should be changed. basis of a democratic gov't

Question 34

Explain in detail the post conventional stage 6 in more detail.

Answer 34

universal ethical principles driven laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice sometimes you need to disobey unjust laws decisions are made on a case by case basis on empathy the individual acts because it is right, and not because it is instrumental, expected, legal, or previously agreed upon