HAZMAT Toxicity Flashcards

1
Q

What is Toxicology?

A

The science that deals with the poisonous or toxic properties of substances.

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2
Q

What is Toxicity?

A

The inherent ability of a chemical to cause harm to a living organism, or the ability of that chemical to cause an unwanted effect in concentration in certain parts of the body.

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3
Q

What is a hazard?

A

The probability of the likelihood that this concentration in the body will occur and the substance to produce an unwanted effect.

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4
Q

What is exposure?

A

The concentration and duration that you are in contact with a substance.

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5
Q

What is Parts Per Million?

A

How the concentration of a gas or vapor is expressed.

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6
Q

What is TLV?

A

The concentrations of chemical substances in the air and represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day of without adverse health effects. (8 hour work day, 40 hour work week)

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7
Q

What is the Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)?

A

15 minute TWA exposure standard.

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8
Q

What are the Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs)?

A

Federal Exposure standards set by OSHA.

- “nearly all workers”

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9
Q

What is Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health?

A

The maximum airborne concentration of a chemical from which one could escape in 30 minutes without experiencing any escape-impairing symptoms or any irreversible adverse health effects.

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10
Q

What is injection?

A

Pass of a substance through a break in the skin.

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11
Q

What is absorption?

A
  • Transfer of a chemical through healthy intact skin or through the eyes or mucous membranes.
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12
Q

What is ingestion?

A

Entry of a substance through the digestive system.

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13
Q

What is inhalation?

A

Entry of a substance through the respiratory system.

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14
Q

What are the acute effects?

A

Effects that can be seen right away.

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15
Q

What are chronic effects?

A
  • Seen over long periods of times
  • Carcinogens
  • Mutagens
  • Teratogens
  • Specific Organ Damage
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