Hazards Created By Volcanic Hazards

Question 1

Pyroclastic flow

Answer 1

High density mix of hot volcanic has volcanic fragments Pumice and ash

Moves at high speed down slopes

Greatest volcanic hazard because:

Temperature flow is usually 200 to 700°C so can reach up to 1000°C

Travel around 80 km/h booking reach over 700 km/h

People caught in the flow die immediately from the blast of hot air

Little warning of this flow so there is no time to escape

Question 2

Lava flows

Answer 2

Streams of molten rock pouring from eruption vent

Speed depends on viscosity

Least hazardous easy to move out of way

Can impact life by destroying building and infrastructure

Fastest recorded lava flow was January 1977 when lava lake on mt nyiragongo drained in less than an hour

Question 3

Ashfalls

Answer 3

Huge quantities of ash dispersed across large area

Question 4

Lahars

Answer 4

Mixture of ash debris and water

Question 5

Jokulhlaups

Answer 5

Glacial outburst floods due to subglacial volcanic activity

Question 6

Volcanic landslides

Answer 6

Mass of rock and Debris moves under force of gravity down a side

Question 7

Toxic gases

Answer 7

Magma causes gas to be realessed such as hydrogen Sulfides which is irritant to skin and causes acid rain

Question 8

Primary hazards

Answer 8

Lahars - local
Landslides-local
Destruction of vegetation -local
Increased precisiondue to water vapour - local

Reduction in temperature as ash clouds cover from solar energy - global

Deaths and injuries