hazards

Question 1

hazard

Answer 1

• is the potential source of harm to a person, community, property or infrastructure

Question 2

disaster

Answer 2

• is a catastrophic event that causes serious disruption to a community’s function

Question 3

a disaster is an event that has:

Answer 3

• killed 10 or more people
• affected at least 100 people
• an appeal for national government or international assistance may occur

Question 4

classification of hazards

Answer 4

natural and ecological

Question 5

natural hazards

Answer 5

• due to the earth’s natural processes within our environment
• geomorphic hazard
• atmospheric hazard
• hydrological hazard

Question 6

human hazard

Answer 6

• anthropogenic hazards are associated with human activity
• oil spills
• technological hazards

Question 7

ecological hazard

Answer 7

• a biological or chemical hazard that has the potential to impact the well being of people or the environment
• infectious diseases HIV/AIDS
• animal transmitted diseases RABIES
• waterborne diseases CHOLERA
• plant invasion BLACKBERRIES
• animal invasion RABBITS

Question 8

to evaluate a hazard event we examine these key points:

Answer 8

• magnitude
• duration
• frequency
• probability
• scale of spatial impact

Question 9

magnitude

Answer 9

is the measurement of the strength or intensity of the hazard (size of the hazard event)

Question 10

duration

Answer 10

the time a person or community is exposed to the hazard

Question 11

frequency

Answer 11

number of times an area experiences a hazard

Question 12

probability

Answer 12

the likelihood that a hazard event will occur in a particular location within a given time scale

Question 13

scale

Answer 13

the extent of the hazard

• impact of human settlement
• proximity to human settlement
• cultural and natural factors

Question 14

vulnerability

Answer 14

assesses the level of risk and refers to the way a hazards event will affect human life and property

Question 15

hazard management

Answer 15

• pre disaster planning (mitigation, prevention, preparedness, prediction)
• during the disaster (response)
• post disaster (recovery, relief, rescue, rehabilitation)

Question 16

sustainability

Answer 16

meeting the needs of current and future generations through simultaneous environment, social and economic adaptions and inprovements

Question 17

earthquakes

Answer 17

are seismic waves of energy that radiate from the faults in all directions which involve the violent shaking of the Earth’s oceanic and continental crust

Question 18

tsunami

Answer 18

are series of waves usually triggered by an earthquake or volcanic eruption, that produces rapid displacement of a body of water

Question 19

volcanoes

Answer 19

is a vent in the earths surface that allows magma to escape from the interior, causing an eruption of lava and gas into the atmosphere and surrounding environment

Question 20

types of volcanoes

Answer 20

• shield (magma is hot and runny, eruptions are gentle)
• composite/strato (magma is cooler and sticky, explosive eruption)
• caldera (vent is unsupported and collapses)

Question 21

epidemic

Answer 21

sudden increase in the no. of cases of a disease above what would be normally be expected in an area

Question 22

pandemic

Answer 22

when an epidemic spreads over different areas for example several countries or continents

Question 23

temporal distribution

Answer 23

the distribution of geographical phenomena over time

Question 24

• geomorphic hazard

Answer 24

• 2011 Tohoku Japan earthquake mag.9

- 1999 The Vargas Tragedy landslide

Question 25

- atmospheric hazard

Answer 25

- 2011 Cyclone Yasi, Queensland | - 2012 Hurricane Sandy, North America

Question 26

- hydrological hazard

Answer 26

- 2010-2011 Brisbane and Queensland floods | - 2022 Victorian floods and storms