Haz Mat/ERP Flashcards
Perform Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) on decontaminated patients
Black tag Deceased
Red tag Immediate
Yellow tag Delayed
Green tag Minor
Chemical Attack in Subway
Provides estimate of number of victims to Incident Commander.
First Arriving Engine
Provides the IC with an estimate of the number of removals necessary and their location.
Rescue Company
Nerve Agents - FRUITY ODOR
“FRUIT hits a NERVE for SARA and TABATHA preventing SOMANY VICTORIES”
Sarin
Tabun
Soman
VX
Chemical Agents
Blister Agents - Garlic Odor
“Jerry Lewis got Blisters from Eating too much Garlic Mustard”
Mustard
Lewisite
Chemical Agents
Blood Agents - Burnt Almond Odor
Hydrogen Cyanide
Cyanogen Chloride
Chemical Agents
Choking Agents - Chlorine or Grass Odor
“Mr. Green GENES CHOKED as he cleaned his POOL with AMMONIA”
Phosgene
Chlorine
Ammonia
FDNY’s Protective Action Guidelines (PAG’s)
50 Rem.
25 Rem
10 Rem
5 Rem
50 Rem. Lifesaving for Catastrophic Event
25 Rem. Lifesaving or Protection of Large Populations
10 Rem. Protection of Major Property
5 Rem. General Operations at a Radiological Emergency
Radiation
Label Max Reading on Max Reading One
Surface of Package. Meter from Package
White I .5mR/hr. N/A
Yellow II 50mR/hr. 1mR/hr.
Yellow III 200mR/hr. 10mR/hr.
The Transport Index (TI) of a package should not exceed 10mR/hr.
The Total TI of a Vehicle’s shipment may not exceed 50mR/hr.
Haz-Mat Technician Units (HMTU)
Assist in air monitoring to identify safe zones including adjusting the perimeter of the Exclusion Zone and the location of the SRA based on meter readings.
Assist in rescue of ambulatory and non-ambulatory victims.
Noxious Stimulus Triage (NST)*.
A. If the victim responds to voice or touch, the victim is likely to survive and should be removed from the area immediately.
B. If the victim only responds to painful stimulus, survival may be possible, but requires immediate advanced medical treatment. The availability of such advanced treatment will influence victim survival. In a mass casualty setting, the large number of victims may require that rescue efforts focus on saving those victims with a better chance of survival.
C. If the victim does not respond to painful stimulus, the CPC equipped members should leave the victim in place and proceed to the next victim. This victim will most likely not survive even if he/she receives the most advanced treatment available.
D. Deceased victims should be left in place until the criminal investigation is completed, unless movement of such victims is necessary to rescue additional victims or to mitigate further hazards.
*Note: Any CPC Level trained member or above may perform Noxious Stimulus Triage.
Low Explosives -
Controlled release of gas that creates a propellant, causing a pushing effect, designed to burn, easier to ignite; initiated by flame or impact, detonate at speeds less than 3000 ft/sec. (e.g., black powder, smokeless powder, rocket fuel).
High Explosives -
Initiated by shock from a detonator or blasting cap (not spark or flame), creates shattering effect in an instantaneous release of energy for maximum dispersion and damage, detonates at speeds greater than 3000 ft/sec (average bullet from a rifle travels at approximately 2700 ft/sec), the weapon of choice for suicide terrorists.
Chemical Reaction Bombs
A chemical reaction bomb is a mixture of at least two chemicals that naturally react with each other. The chemicals are mixed in some type of container, usually a plastic soda bottle.
Chemical reaction bombs become more dangerous when hardware is added or when mixed in a glass container.
Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) - Improvised Explosive Devices consist of components that include
“PIES”
a power supply
an initiator
explosives
and a switch.
IEDs may be delivered and detonated using any of the following methods:
Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device (VBIED)
Letter. may be explosive or incendiary.
Satchel or Backpack
Suicide Bombers The profile of the contemporary suicide bomber is that there is no profile.
LETTER IED
Some suspicious characteristics of a letter/package are:
Oversized, padded packages. Stained. No return address. Marked “Personal/Confidential”. Excessive postage. Unusual odor. Oddly shaped or lopsided. Mailed from foreign country.
Illegal/Clandestine Labs
When members suspect or discover any type of clandestine lab, they shall immediately stop, DO NOT TOUCH ANYTHING, retrace their steps and back out of the area.
Upon the discovery of any type of lab the following notifications shall be made:
Battalion and Deputy Chief
Request Haz Mat to respond
NYPD
BFI
DISCOVERY OF FIREARMS, AMMUNITION AND/OR INCENDIARY DEVICES
Notifications shall be made to
NYPD
BFI
OPERATIONS AT INCIDENTS INVOLVING A SUSPECTED/CONFIRMED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE
Fire Department personnel are to be under the complete control and jurisdiction of the FDNY IC at all times.
Cooperation with police personnel shall be considered as, but not necessarily limited, to the following:
x Evacuation of persons from danger areas.
x Stretching of necessary precautionary lines, and assuming standby positions.
x Use of ladders and forcible entry to non-involved occupancies.
Suspected Explosive Device: PD not on scene
Apparatus should be located to avoid heavy window glass fallout.
HT and cell phones shall not be used within _________ of a suspected device, and Apparatus, Post and Marine radios should not be operated within ___________ of a suspected device.
These distances are only guidelines and should not normally hamper FDNY operations since the isolation zone surrounding a device would generally exceed 300 feet.
150 feet
300 feet
Members shall refrain from entering a structure or building to search for explosive devices.
Active Shooting/Snipers
FDNY members shall not operate at an active shooter incident unless an extreme threat to life safety exists and our assistance is specifically requested by law enforcement.
Prior to operating, the following conditions must be addressed:
Staff Chief approval must be given prior to commencing such an operation.
The location and number of shooters is known.
The path to and from and the area where the FDNY members will operate has been secured and is protected by law enforcement personnel.
Personnel and duration of operation shall be kept to a minimum.
Operating personnel shall participate in a briefing where the plan will be vetted and expected actions specifically stated.
FDNY and NYPD operating personnel shall all be on the same designated HT frequency (ex. TAC “U”).
The FDNY Operations Section Chief shall remain within arms distance of the NYPD Operations Section Chief for the duration of the incident while maintaining radio contact with operating FDNY members.
The IC shall request and ensure law enforcement provide armed force protection for FDNY personnel operating at, or assigned to such an incident. This request shall include the Incident Command Post, and if established, the Operations Post and Staging Area.
Unit must carry the Rad50 when:
Out of quarters
Performing AFID
Responding to Complaints
During the assessment of emergencies and fires
A Radiological Incident encompasses a situation where radiological meter readings are above background from a legitimate source and the source has NOT been released from its container.
Radiological Incidents may involve above-background readings from:
x Occupancies and locations such as
o Medical facilities – radiation therapy (cancer treatment),
radiopharmaceuticals, medical waste, blood irradiators
o Research facilities
o Industry/Construction sites – radiography, oil well logging, food
irradiators, moisture density gauges, smoke detectors
x Containers/packages
o Containers used to ship or store radioactive materials may emit anallowable amount of radiation referred to as a Transport Index
(See Appendix 2)
x People who received medical radiological treatment
o The Rad50 may alarm if the metering device is near someone who has undergone a medical treatment involving radiation, such as a thallium stress test
Managing a Radiological Incident
A. Confirm initial readings with a second meter
B. Determine the location of the radioactive source
C. Verify that the situation involves a legitimate source, which has not been released from its container
Radiological Emergency
A Radiological Emergency involves a source that is out of its container, either accidentally or intentionally.
Accidental Radiological Emergency
Intentional Radiological Emergency
RID – Radiological Incendiary Device
IND – Improvised Nuclear Device
Because radiation fallout from an IND does not occur for approximately ____________ after the detonation, units responding to an IND should not enter the area of the detonation for at least _________ post-detonation, when presence of radiation can then be detected and monitored.
15 minutes
15 minutes
Evacuate civilians from buildings in the surrounding area if:
The projected dose inside the buildings will reach __ Rem for the general population or __ Rem for special groups such as non-ambulatory hospital patients, prison residents, nursing home residents
The projected dose inside the buildings will reach 5 Rem for the general population or 10 Rem for special groups such as non-ambulatory hospital patients, prison residents, nursing home residents
If manpower and equipment are sufficient, members receiving absorbed doses should be rotated at dose levels of 5 Rem or when 1 SCBA tank is expended.
In the event this is not possible, the Operations Chief should use the protective action guidelines (10 Rem for Protection of Major Property; 25/50 Rem for Lifesaving).
Operations for Radiological Incident
Confirm initial readings with a second meter
Determine the location of the radioactive source
Verify that the situation involves a legitimate source, which has not been released from its container
Operations for Radiological Emergency
Bring APR with adapter
Zero out and Don Dosimeter
Monitor the incident with radiological metering equipment such as RadAlert50, Canberra mini radiac, or Ludlum.
RAD 50
Note: The Rad50 takes a full minute for a change to be indicated on the LCD display/readout. As a safety factor in the meter, if the rate at any time exceeds 1mR/hr, the Rad50 will immediately sound the alert tone.
A circular pattern should then be used around the object or area to determine the size of the Hot Zone. A circular pattern is used in case the radiological source is partially shielded
Decontamination
Acceptable external decontamination of a person would include levels less than or equal to ________________________________
Acceptable external decontamination of a person would include levels less than or equal to 0.10 mR/hr (50 – 200 cpm).
Radioactive warning placards are also required on rail freight cars, motor vehicles or trailers containing:
One or more Yellow III packages
More than 1000 pounds of radioactive material
Full load shipments of Low Specific Activity (LSA) containers that are marked”radioactive LSA” (LSA materials include the physical and chemical concentrates of uranium and thorium, various types of liquid and solid waste and heavy water solutions).
LABELS
Radioactive White - I
Maximum level of radiation on the surface of the package: 0.5 mR/hr.
Examples include low-level radiological calibration instruments, radio pharmaceutical material.
LABELS
Radioactive Yellow - II
Radioactive Yellow – II label indicates the package contains low levels of radiation.
Maximum level of radiation on the surface of the package: 50 mR/hr.
Maximum level of radiation one meter from the package: 1 mR/hr.
LABELS
Radioactive Yellow - III
Radioactive Yellow – III label indicates higher levels of radiation.
Maximum level of radiation on the surface of the package: 200 mR/hr.
Maximum level of radiation one meter from the package: 10 mR/hr.
Radioactive Yellow – III labels are required for the following packages
A. Package containing a large quantity of radioactive materials.
B. Package authorized by special permit issued by the Department of Transportation.
C. Package of radioactive materials having hazardous characteristics in addition to those associated with radioactivity.
Where fire or accident has destroyed identifying labeling or packaging, or in the absence of proper labeling, the following conditions might be indicative of the presence of radioactive materials:
Unusual type containers, cage like, etc. (See Figure 4)
Large quantities of molten lead
Very heavy objects in small packages
Concrete lined metal drums
Absorbent materials in drums or containers
Melted paraffin
RAD-3 Report
To establish background radiation levels, all units will monitor the area in front of quarters for ____________ each day at the designated times.
x The background rate readings shall also be recorded in the office record journal. A separate page shall be selected for this purpose and indexed in the front of the journal. A background rate reading shall be recorded annually at the same time as the hydrant readings during the first full week of May using the Rad – 3 report.
x A copy of the Rad – 3 report shall be posted at the housewatch, adjacent to the water pressure chart for the information of covering officers, relocators, etc.
5 minutes
