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MUC Exam > Harmony > Flashcards

Harmony Flashcards

1
Q

What is conjunct motion in melody?

A

When pitches move step-wise to one another

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2
Q

Diminished intervals in a melodic line should be followed by what motion?

A

Conjunct in the opposite direction

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3
Q

What is “close position” in 4-voice harmony?

A

When the interval between the Soprano and Tenor voices in simple.

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4
Q

What is “open position” in 4-voice harmony?

A

When the interval between the Soprano and Tenor voices is compound.

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5
Q

Are compound intervals permitted between the Tenor and Bass voices in 4-part harmony?

A

Yes.

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6
Q

What is indirect motion?

A

When 2 parts move in dissimilar directions

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7
Q

What is contrary motion?

A

Indirect motion in which the 2 parts move in opposite directions.

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8
Q

What is oblique motion?

A

Indirect motion where one part sustains while the other moves.

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9
Q

What is direct motion?

A

When 2 parts move in the same direction.

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10
Q

What is similar motion?

A

Direct motion that occurs when 2 parts move in the same direction producting different harmonic intervals.

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11
Q

What is parallel motion?

A

Direct motion in which 2 parts move in the same direction producing the same harmonic interval.

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12
Q

Which notes are tonal in major and minor keys?

A

tonic, subdominant and dominant

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13
Q

Which notes are modal in major and minor keys?

A

leading tone, mediant and submediant

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14
Q

Name the primary triads in a key?

A

built on tonic, subdominant and dominant

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15
Q

Name the secondary triads in a key.

A

built on supertonic, mediant, submediant and subtonic

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16
Q

What are the 2 parts of a period?

A

antecedent phrase and consequent phrase

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17
Q

Define perfect authentic cadence.

A

Cadence with both the dominant and tonic chords in root position and the tonic note in the soprano in final chord.

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18
Q

Define Imperfect Authentic Cadence.

A

Like perfect, but with an inverted chord and/or no tonic in the soprano voice.

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19
Q

Define plagal cadence.

A

When the dubdominant chord progresses to the tonic.

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20
Q

Define half cadence.

A

Cadence on a dominant chord.

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21
Q

List the acceptable chord successions for primary triads in root position.

A

I to IV or V; IV to V or I; V to I; V to IV if immediately followed by V

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22
Q

What is the figured bass abbreviation for a first inversion triad with the root doubled?

A

6/3 or 6

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23
Q

What is the figured bass for a first inversion triad with the 5th doubled?

A

6/3/3

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24
Q

What is the figured bass for a first inversion triad with the 3rd doubled?

A

8/6/3

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25
Q

What is a Phrygian Cadence?

A

A form of half cadence in a minor key created by the progression of iv6 to V# with subdominant to dominant voice leading in the soprano

26
Q

What are second inversion chords commonly called?

A

6/4 chords

27
Q

Which scale degree should be doubled in second inversion triads?

A

The fifth

28
Q

What are the types of 6/4 chords?

A

Cadential, passing, auxiliary, arpeggiated

29
Q

What is a cadential 6/4?

A

A second inversion tonic chord that moves to a dominant chord at a cadence.

30
Q

What is a passing 6/4?

A

When a second inversion chord appears between a root position and first inversion of another chord. It must appear in a weak rhythmic position.

31
Q

What is an auxiliary 6/4?

A

Also called a pedal 6/4, it occurs between 2 root positions of the same chord where the fifth of the auxiliary 6/4 is the same as the root of the other chord.

32
Q

What is an arpeggiated 6/4?

A

When the second inversion of a chord is immediately preceded or followed by the same chord in root position or first inversion.

33
Q

How should the 7th of a dominant 7th chord be approached?

A

NOT by disjunct motion from above

34
Q

What is the figured bass for a root position dominant 7 chord?

A

7/5/3 or 7/5/#3; abbreviated at 7 or 7/#

35
Q

What does the figured bass of 8/7/3 represent?

A

Doubled root and omitted 5th in a root position dominant 7th chord.

36
Q

Name the types of non-harmonic tones.

A

Diatonic passing tone, accented passing tone, chromatic passing tone, double passing tone, chromatically altered passing tone, upper auxiliary, lower auxiliary, changing tone, cambiata, echappee, suspension, appogiatura, anticipation, pedal

37
Q

Define diatonic passing tone.

A

Non harmonic tone that fills the interval between 2 chord tones a third apart and occurs in a weak rhythmic position.

38
Q

Define accented passing tone.

A

Same as diatonic passing tone but in a strong rhythmic position.

39
Q

Define chromatic passing tone.

A

Non harmonic tone that fills the interval between 2 chord tones a major second apart.

40
Q

Define double passing tones.

A

2 notes that fill the interval of a perfect 4th between 2 chord tones and occurs on a weak beat.

41
Q

Define chromatically altered passing tone.

A

Fills the interval of a 3rd between 2 chord tones using an accidental.

42
Q

Define upper auxiliary.

A

Non harmonic tone a step above 2 chord tones of the same pitch and used on a weak beat.

43
Q

Define lower auxiliary.

A

Non harmonic tone a step below 2 chord tones of the same pitch and used on a weak beat.

44
Q

Define changing tones.

A

2 non harmonic tones approaching a chord tone, one above and one below. The first must be in a weak position.

45
Q

Define cambiata.

A

Non harmonic tone approached by disjunct motion in 1 direction and resolved by conjunct motion in the opposite.

46
Q

Define echappe.

A

Escape tone. Non harmonic tone approached by conjunct motion in one direction and left by disjunct motion in the opposite direction.

47
Q

Define suspension.

A

A chord tone in the first chord that is sustained or repeated as a non chord tone in the second chord.

48
Q

What is a retardation?

A

Upward resolution of a suspension.

49
Q

Define appogiatura.

A

Non harmonic tone a step above or below a chord tone - a suspension without preparation.

50
Q

Define anticipation.

A

A non chord tone that becomes a chord tone in the following chord.

51
Q

Define pedal.

A

Non harmonic tone of long duration that is held throughout several chord changes and must begin and end as a chord tone.

52
Q

Group 1 chords

A

Dominant function :
Major dominant
Diminished leading tone

53
Q

Group 2 chords

A

Subdominant function:

Subdominant
Supertonic

54
Q

Group 3 chords

A

Submediant

May have a tonic function

55
Q

Group 4 chords

A

Mediant

May have tonic or dominant function

56
Q

What is an established tonic chord?

A

When a dominant function chord progresses to the tonic

57
Q

How do chords generally progress?

A

From left to right through each successive group

58
Q

What is elision?

A

A progression that occurs when one chord group is skipped in left to right movement. Must be followed by normal chord progression.

59
Q

Define neutral tonic.

A

When a tonic chord appears between any 2 chords in a progression or between 2 positions of the same chord.

60
Q

Define retrogression

A

When chords move from right to left on the chord chart.

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